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Physiology Week 5

Week 5 Quiz

QuestionAnswer
The cell organelles that synthesize organic matrix substances in bone formation are: The cell organelles that synthesize organic matrix substances in bone formation are the endoplasmic reticulum and ribosomes. The osteon, or haversian, system delivers nutrients to and removes waste products from bone cells.
In the epiphyseal plate, the zone of hypertrophy is in the _____ layer Is the third layer. The next set of cell layers, called the zone of hypertrophy, is com-posed of older, enlarged cells that are undergoing degenerative changes associated with calcium deposition (Patton, 032018)
Small cells that synthesize and secrete a specialized organic matrix are Osteoblasts. Osteoblasts are small cells that synthesize and secrete an organic matrix called osteoid. (Patton, 032018)
When the knee is flexed, the patella can be easily distinguished False. The patella (kneecap) is the largest sesamoid bone—one of the few that consistently appear in the human skeleton. (Patton, 032018)
Which of the following is not a characteristic of the diaphysis? Provides a bulbous shape for attachment of muscle. Its hollow, cylindrical shape and the thick compact bone that composes it adapt the diaphysis well to its function of providing strong support without adding cumbersome weight. (Patton, 032018)
Which of the following is not a characteristic of the epiphyses? Cylindrical in shape.
The cells responsible for active erosion of bone minerals are called: Osteoclasts. Osteoclasts are giant multinucleate cells that are responsible for the active erosion of bone minerals. They are formed by the fusion of several precursor cells and contain large numbers of mitochondria and lysosomes (Patton, 032018).
The humerus articulates proximally with the clavicle False. The humerus articulates proximally with the scapula
An open fracture is also known as a compound fracture True
Which structures are unique to the fetal skull and provide additional space for molding the head shape as the baby passes through the birth canal? Fontanels
After the age of 50, the density of bone Decreases slowly because of a shift in the remodeling activity.
The following are functions of bone except for Support, protection, mineral storage, hematopoiesis
Before childbirth, the symphysis pubis softens True
In intramembranous ossification, the process of appositional growth refers to the: Addition of an outside layer of osseous tissue on flat bones
Appositional growth of cartilage occurs when chondrocytes begin to divide and secrete Additional matrix
Until bone growth in length is complete, a layer of the cartilage, known as the _____, remains between the epiphysis and diaphysis Epiphyseal plate
Bones grow in diameter by the combined action of which two of the three bone cell types? Osteoblasts and osteoclasts
A condition that is caused by an abnormally increased roundness in the thoracic curvature is Kyphosis.
The ulna articulates proximally with the: Humerus
During childbirth, a baby passes through an imaginary plane called the Pelvic outlet
Bones act as a reservoir for which of the following minerals? Calcium
Young children’s bones have a greater risk of fracturing because of incompletely ossified bone. False
Hematopoiesis is carried out in the: Red bone marrow
Which of the following is not one of the primary functions performed by bones? Hormonal production
Normally, bone loss will begin to exceed bone gain between the ages of _____ years 35 and 40 years
Which of the following may cause skeletal variations? Inadequate supply of calcium and vitamin D, mechanical stresses, age
Because of how the clavicle articulates with the scapula, all shoulder movements involve the sternoclavicular joint True
Blood calcium levels involve secretion of which two hormones? Parathyroid and calcitonin
A person with a fractured patella would expect discomfort in the: Knee
Created by: aliciak73
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