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Common Meds /B
| Oral Hypoglycemic agents: groups, Mechanism of action and examples | Biguanides (decrease hepatic production and increase tissue sensitivity to insulin; metformin); Sulfonyureas (secretogogues; chlorpropamide, glibenclamide, glimepiride); TZD (increase tissue sensitivity; rosiglitazone); Others (Orlistat and Acarbose) |
| Metformin group, mechanism of action, forms and dosage | Glumetsa; Tab 500 (also XR), 1000 - Dose: 500-2500 mg/d bid or tid (little benefit over 1500) - Biguanides: Increase tissue sensitivity and decrease hepatic production |
| Chlorpropamide group, mechanism of action, forms and dosage | First generation sulfonylureas; secretagogue, Tab 100 and 250, Dose: 100-500 mg/d od |
| Glibenclamide group, mechanism of action, forms and dosage | Glyburide (Diabeta); Second generation sulfonylureas; secretagogue, Tab 1.25, 2.5 and 5, Dose: 2.5-10 mg/d od |
| Meglitinides | (Rapid acting, before meals): repaglinide (tab 0.5, 1, 2), nateglinide (tab 60, 120) |
| Glimepiride group, mechanism of action, forms and dosage | Second generation sulfonylureas; secretagogue, Tab 1, 2 and 4 mg, Dose: 1-4 mg/d od or bid |
| Rosiglitazone group, mechanism of action, forms and dosage | TZDs, increase tissue sensitivity to insulin; tab 2, 4, 8 mg; 4-8 mg od or bid |
| Orlistat and acarbose forms | Orlistat: cap 60 and 120; Acarbose: tab 25, 50 and 100 |
| Oral hypoglycemic agents C/Ind | Metformin: renal failure and lactic acidosis; rosiglitazone: CHF and IHD |
| Hypoglycemic combination agents | Glucovance (glibenclamide and metformin; 1.25/250, 2.5/500, 5/500); Avandaryl (glimepiride and rosiglitazone; 1/4, 2/4, 4/4 mg); Avandamet (rosiglitazone and metformin; 2/500, 4/500, 2/1000, 4/1000 mg) |
| Sitagliptin | act in type 2 diabetes by slowing the inactivation of incretin hormones; tab 25, 50, 100; Janumet: sitagliptin+metformin (50/500, 50/1000) |
| Synthroid | L-Thyroxine; tab 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 mg; dose range: 0.05 to 0.2 mg/day |
| Sinemet | carbidopa (dopamine decarboxylase inhibitor) + Levodopa (precursor of dopamine): tab 25/100 up to max 8 tab [Sinemet 25/100 also 25/250 and 10/100] |
| Bisphosphonates | Alendronate [Fosamax; tab 5, 10, 35, 40, 70 mg; 10 mg qd or 70 mg q1w]; Risedronate [Actonel; tab 5, 30, 35, 75, 150 mg; 5 mg qd or 35 mg q1w] |
| Cephalosporines first generation; Examples and dosage | Cephalexin (po; 250-500 q6h; 20-40); cefadroxil (po; 500-1000 q12h; 20-40); cefazolin (iv; 1-2 g q8h; 50-150) |
| Cephalosporines second generation; Examples and dosage | cefprozil (po; 250-500 q12h; 20-40); cefuroxime (po; 125-500 q12h; 20-30); cefuroxime (iv; 750-1500 q6-8h; 75-150); cefoxitin (iv; 1-2 g q4-8h; 75-150) |
| Cephalosporines third generation; Examples and dosage | cefixime (po; 400 od; 8); cefotaxime (iv; 1-2 g q4-12h; 75-250); ceftazidime (iv; 1-2 g q8-12h; 75-150); ceftriaxone (iv; 1-2 g od; 50) |
| Cephalosporines forth generation; Examples and dosage | cefepime (iv; 1-2 g q8-12h; 75-150) |
| Cephalexin | 1st; po 250-500 q6h; 20-40 (like cefaprozil only q6h) |
| Cefadroxil | 1st; po 500-1000 q12h; 20-40 (like cephlexin but q12h and dose X2) |
| Cefazolin | 1st; iv 1-2 g q8h; 50-150 (note: 50) |
| Cefaprozil | 2nd; po 250-500 q12h; 20-40 (like cephalexin only q12h) |
| Cefuroxime | 2nd; po 150-500 q12h; 20-30; iv: 750-1500 q6-8; 75-150 (iv dose in children 1/10 adults) |
| Cefoxitin | 2nd; iv 1-2 g q4-8h; 75-150 |
| Cefixime | 3rd; po 400 od; 8 |
| Cefotaxime | 3rd; iv 1-2 g q4-12h; 75-250 (note 250) |
| Ceftazidime | 3rd; iv 1-2 g q8-12; 75-150 (like cefepime) |
| Ceftriaxone | Rocefin; 3rd; iv 1-2 g od; 50 |
| Cefepime | 4rd; iv 1-2 g q8-12; 75-150 (like ceftazidime) |
| PCNs, beta lactamase resistant and doses | Dicloxacillin (po 125-500 q6h; 12.5-25); Oxacillin and Nafcillin (iv 1-2 g q4h; 50-100) |
| PCNs with G- coverage and doses | Piperacillin and ticarcillin (iv 3 g q4-6h; 200) |
| Macrolids and doses | Erythromycin (po; 250-500 mg q6h; 40); azithromycin (Zithromax; po: 500 then half for 5 days od; 10; iv: 500 od; 10); clarithromycin (Biaxin; po 250-500 mg q12h; 15) |
| Eric | Eruthromycin: 250 mg q6h or 500 mg q12h or Eric 333: 333 mg q8h |
| Fluroquinolones and doses | Ciprofloxacin (po: 500-750 mg q12h; 20-30; iv: 200-400 mg q12h; 20-30; iv dose for peds the same); levofloxacin (po and iv; 250-750 od; N/A); moxifloxacin (po and iv; 400 od; N/A); Ofloxacin (po and iv; 200-400 q12h; N/A; almost like cipro) |
| Ciprofloxacin forms and dosage | tab 250, 500, 750, susp. 250, 500 / 5ml; inj. 200, 400 mg; Ciprofloxacin (po: 500-750 mg q12h; 20-30; iv: 200-400 mg q12h; 20-30; iv dose for peds the same) |
| Levofloxacin forms and dosage | Quixin, Levaquin; tab and inj 250, 500, 750; Susp. 25 mg/mL; eye drop 1.5%; Dose: po and iv, 250-750 od; N/A |
| Moxifloxacin forms | Avelox; 400 mg tab and inj; eye drop; Dose: po and iv, 400 od; N/A) |
| Gentamicin dosage and renal adjustment | 3-6 mg/kg/d od or tid; GFR< 40 mL/min: 2/3; GFR<20: 1/3; <10: q48h (all also applies to Tobramicin) |
| Tobramicin dosage | 3-6 mg/kg/d od or tid; GFR< 40 mL/min: 2/3; GFR<20: 1/3; <10: q48h (all also applies to gentamicin) |
| Amikacin dosage | 15 mg/kg/d od or tid; GFR< 40 mL/min: 2/3; GFR<20: 1/3; <10: q48h |
| Vancomycin forms and dosage | Cap 125 and 250 mg (poor absorption orally); inj 0.5, 1, 5, 10 g; po: 125-500 q6h, 20-40; iv: 500 q6h, 40 |
| Linezolid dosage and forms | Zyvoxam; po and iv: 600 q12h; 30 [tab 400, 600; susp. 100; inj. 2] |
| Clindamycin group, forms, mode of action and dosage | lincosamides; cap 75, 150 and 300 mg, inj. 300, 600, 900 mg; bactriostatic; po: 150-450 q6h, 8-20; iv: 600-900 q6-8h, 20-40 |
| Metronidazole dosage | 250-500 q6-12h, 30 |
| Nitrofurantoin | Acute uncomplicated UTI (not peylonephritis); Cap 100 mg q12h for 7 days; acute or chronic pulmonary reactions |
| Fluconazole | Diflucan; tab 50, 100, 150, 200; oral susp 10, 40 mg/mL; inj 2 mg/mL; qd; 150 mg po single dose for vaginal candidiasis |
| Clotrimazole | Topical azole, candidiasis: 200 mg tablet pv qd X3d or 1 applicator of 1% cream X6d |
| Carbamazepine dosage and forms; Major S/e | 100 mg bid (max 800-1200 mg/day) increase by 200 mg/day q3-4d (ER: tab or cap 100, 200, 300; susp. 100); agranulocytosis (also with clozapine; weekly CBC for the first month) |
| Phenobarbital dosage and forms | 90-120 mg/day (tab and cap 16 mg, inj. 130 mg/mL) |
| Phenytoin dosage and forms | 300-400 mg/day (tab chewable 50; susp. 125) |
| Valproic acid dosage and forms | 750-1000 mg/day 2-4 doses (tab 125, 250, 500; cap 30, 100; ER: 250, 500; inj. 100mg/mL) |
| Ethosuximide dosage and forms | Zarontin; 250 mg/d, adults; 500 mg/d (cap and syrup 250) |
| Lamotrigine | adjunct therapy for refractive seizures; rash and even Stevens-Johnson synd, risk of aseptic meningitis |
| Beta2 agonists (short acting), examples and brand names | Albuterol (ventolin, salbutamol, Airomir, Apo-Salvent), Terbutaline (Bricanyl), Fenoterol (Berotec) |
| Albuterol (ventolin, salbutamol, Airomir, Apo-Salvent) | Blisters 200-400 µg tid or qid; Solution for inhalation, aerosol (0.1 mg/puff), tab (2, 4), syrup 2 - Dose: 1-2 puffs PRN, max 1.6 mg/day (8X2 puffs) |
| Terbutaline (Bricanyl) | DPI 1 puff (0.5 mg) q4-8h PRN, tab (2.5, 5); inj. (1 mg/mL) - Dosage: 1 puffs PRN (max 6 /day) - Onset: 30 min - Monitor heart and baseline K |
| Fenoterol (Berotec) | pMDI 100 µg/ Puff tid (max8 puffs/day) - note: all like albuterol |
| Beta2 agonists (long acting), examples and brand names | salmeterol (Serevent)); formoterol (Foradil, Oxeze Turbuhaler); metaprotrenol (Alupent) |
| salmeterol dose and forms | LABA; 50 µg powder, blister and Diskus inhaler: bid - Serevent |
| formoterol group, brand names, form and dosage | LABA; Foradil and Oxeze; DPI 12 µg/cap bid |
| metaprotrenol (Alupent) forms and dosage | tab 10 and 20, syrup 10 mg /5mL - Dose: 10-20 mg tid or qid |
| Anticholinergics for asthma | ipratopium (Atrovent - short acting) and tiotropium (Spiriva; long acting) |
| ipratopium forms and dosage | Atrovent; pMDI 20 µg/puff - Dose 2 puffs PRN, max 6 puffs/day |
| tiotropium forms and dosage | Spiriva; DPI 18 µg/puff - 1 puff/day |
| Anticholinergics/SABA for asthma | Combivent (ipratopium/albuterol, 0.5 mg/2.5 mg): 2.5 mL q6h PRN; Duovent (ipratropium/fenoterol, 0.5 mg/1.25): 4 mL q6h PRN |
| Beclomethason inhaler | steroid in asthma; pMDI 100-800 µg/day bid |
| budesonide inhaler | steroid in asthma; pMDI 400-2400 µg/day bid |
| fluticasone inhaler | steroid in asthma; pMDI or DPI 200-1000 µg/day bid; [Flovent: 44, 110, 220 mcg/actuation HFA; diskus: 50, 100, 250 mcg/actuation] |
| Fluticasone spary | Avamys; Allergic rhinitis, 27.5 mcg/spray; start 2 sprays in each nostril, reduce to one in each after response, |
| Steroids/LABA for asthma | Symbicort (budesonide/formoterol, DPI 80/4.5 or 160/4.5 µg); dose: 1-2 puff daily, max 4; - ; Advair (fluticasone/salmeterol, pMDI 125/25 or 250/25, DPI 100/50, 250/50, 500/50), Dose: pMDI: 2 puffs bid; PDI: I puff bid |
| Ratio-Ipra Sal UDV | ipratropium - salbutamol; Inhaler: 2 puffs qid; max 12 puffs/d; Inhalation solution (nebulizer): adults one vial tid or qid |
| Singulair | Leukotriene receptor antagonist, 10 mg po qhs |
| Theophylline preparations | Uniphyl: theophilline 400 and 600 mg tab; qd with meals, regular; aminophylline (225-350 mg q12h); oxtriphylline (initial 200, maintenance 800-1200 mg/d bid or tid); theophylline (400-600 mg/d od or bid) - monitore serum levels |
| Antipsychotics, typical - examples and relative potency | Pimozide (Orap): 1; Haloperidol: 2; trifluoperazine (Stelazine): 5; Perphenazine (Trilafon): 10; chlorpromazine (Largactil): 100 |
| Antipsychotics, atypical - examples from high to low potency | Risperidone; Olanzapine (Zyprexa); Clozapine (Clozaril); Quetiapine (Seroquel); ziprasidone (Zeldox); zuclopenthixol (Clopixol) |
| Pimozide (Orap); form, relative potency, class, dose, | Most potent typical antipsychotic; [tab 1, 2]; [1]; 1 - 20 mg/d od or bid |
| Haloperidol; form, relative potency, class and dose | Typical antipsychotic; [tab 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20; inj 2, 5]; [2]; 5 - 20 mg/d bid or tid |
| Trifluoperazine; form, relative potency, class and dose | Typical antipsychotic; [tab 1, 2, 5, 10]; [5]; 5 - 60 mg/d bid |
| Perphenazine; form, relative potency, class and dose | Typical antipsychotic [tab 2, 4, 8, 16]; [10]; 8 - 64 mg/d tid or qid |
| Chlorpromazine; form, relative potency, class and dose; Significant side effect | Largactil; Typical antipsychotic [tab 10, 20, 50, 100, 200; inj 25]; [100]; 10 - 400 - 1000 mg/d tid or qid; very sedating |
| Risperidone; form, class and dose | Atypical antipsychotic [tab / M-tab 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4; inj long acting: microspheres 12.5, 25, 37.5, 50 q2wk]; 2-8 mg/d bid; EPS above 8 mg/d (note dose and drug forms 1/100 of quetiapine); choice in dementia with agitation |
| Quetiapine | Seroquel; tab 25, 50, 100, 200, 300, 400; tab ER 50, 150, 200, 300, 400; dose 400-800 mg/d od or bid gradual increase; MDD: 1200 mg]; Also anxiolytic and mood stabilizer; note: drug form and dose X 100 of risperidone |
| Ziprasidone | Atypical antipsychotic; Zeldox; tab 20, 40, 60, 80 |
| Olanzapine (Zyprexa); form, class and dose; side effect | Atypical antipsychotic [tab 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 15, 20; inj 10]; 5-30 mg/d; weight gain, DM, hyperlipidemia; can also be used as mood stabilizers |
| Clozapine (Clozaril); form, class and dose; important side effect | Atypical antipsychotic [tab / oraly disintegrate 12.5, 25, 50, 200]; 25 - 600 - 900 mg/d bid; 1% agranulocytosis (also with carbamazepine; needs weekly CBC for 1 month then q2w); reserved for refractive cases |
| Zuclopenthixol | Clopixol; typical antipsychotic for acute management of schizophrenia; 20-60 mg/d |
| Common SSRIs | Fluoxetine (Prozac) [cap 10, 20, 40; delayed release 90]; sertraline (Zoloft) [tab 25, 50, 100]; citalopram [Celexa; tab 10, 20, 40]; fluvoxamine; paroxetine [Paxil; tab 10, 20, 30, 40; CR 12.5, 25, 37.5 mg]; also duloxetine (Symbalta); |
| Long acting SSRIs? | Fluoxetine (Prozac) [cap 10, 20, 40; delayed release 90]; citalopram [Celexa; tab 10, 20, 40] |
| Specific indications of SSRIs? | Sertraline: in elderly; Paroxetine: mixed anxiety and depression; flucoxamine: more sedating; fluoxetine: generaly enrgizing |
| Common SNRI | venlafaxin (Effexor); tab 25, 75, 100; also ER 75, 150, 225 mg |
| NDRI; forms and dosage) | bupropion (Wellbutrin) [tab ER 174, 348, 522; SR 100, 150]; SR: initial 75, usual 150-300, high 450 mg/d (single dose not higher than 150 mg); ER: initial 150 |
| Common TCAs | amitriptyline (Elavil; chronic pain; 1-2 tab qhs), Imipramine (Tofranil; General Anxiety Disorder); clomipramine (OCD); nortriptylin (elderly age group); desipramine |
| Trazodone | Antidepressant, chemicaly related to TCAs; [tab 50, 100, 150, 300] Dose: 150 mg/d up to 400 (inpatient: 600); priapism |
| Common MAOIs | phenelzine, tranylcypromine |
| bupropion (Wellbutrin) advantage and indication and C/Ind | less sexual dysfunction, weight gain and sedation; Antidepressant and used in smocking cessation (Zyban tab 150 mg; 150 X 3 days then 300 bid) and eating disorders; C/Ind in seizures, stroke, brain tumor |
| Buspirone class, indication, form and dose | anxiolytic; general anxiety disorder; [tab 5, 10, 15, 30]; onset: 2 wks |
| Mood stabilizers | Lithium [cap and tab 300 SR], divalproex (Epival) [Tab DR 125, 250, 500], carbamazepine (Tegretol) [cap ER 100, 200, 300], lamotrigine [tab 25, 100, 150, 200] |
| Lithium; toxicity | [cap and tab 300 SR]; maintain serum level at 0.8-1.2 mmol/L (geriatrics 0.3-0.8; hemodyalisis if > 2); Toxicity: GI symptoms, parkinsonism, seizure, delirium |
| Lamotrigine; class, forms | Mood stabilizer; [tab 25, 100, 150, 200]; |
| Divalproex; class, forms, dose, therapeutic level, S/e | Valproic acid; Mood stabilizer; [Tab DR 125, 250, 500]; 750-2500 mg/d tid; 17-50 mmol/L; hepatic toxicity: LFT weekly for 1 month then monthly; |
| Long acting benzodiazepines, dose and half life | flurazepam 15-30 mg/d / 5 days; chlordiazepoxide 5-300 mg/d / 3 days; Diazepam 2-40 mg/d / 3 days; clonazepam |
| Short acting benzodiazepines, dose and half life | alprazolam 0.25-4 mg/d / 12 hrs; lorazepam [Ativan]; oxazepam 10-120 mg/d / 10 hrs; temazepam; triazolam 0.125-0.5 mg/d / 3 hrs |
| Lorazepam | [Ativan; tab 0.5, 1, 2; inj 2, 4 mg] 0.5-6 mg/d / 12 hrs; Short acting |
| Clonazepam | tab 0.5, 1, 2 mg; dose: 0.25-4 mg/d / 1 day; long acting |
| Temazepam | Cap 7.5, 15, 22.5, 30; Dose; 7.5-30 mg/d / 12h; Short acting; choice for elders (also lorazepam and oxazepam) |
| Geriatric benzos? | LOT: Lorazepam (Ativan), Oxazepam and temazepam; not metabolized in liver; all short acting |
| Eszopiclone and zopiclone (Imovane) | Non benzo, non barbi sedative hypnotic; zopiclone: tab 5, 7.5 mg; eszopiclone: tab 1, 2, 3 mg |
| H2 Receptor Antagonists | Ranitidine [tab 150, 300, Zantac: 75]: po 300 mg/d od or bid; Famotidine: po or iv; 20-40 mg/d od or bid; Cimetidine [tab 300, 400, 800, Tagamet 200 mg]: po 300-600 mg/d bid |
| PPIs | Omeprazole [Losec]; Lansoprazole [Prevacid; tab 15, 30 also DR; inj 30 mg/vial]; Dexlansoprazole [Kapidex]; Esomeprazole [Nexium]; Pantoprazole [Protonix]; Rabeprazole [Pariet: combination with domperidone] |
| Nexium | Esomeprazole cap 20-40 DR; 20-40 mg od for 4-8 weeks |
| Doses of H2RBs and PPIs | PPIs qd while H2RBs bid; famotidine (H2RB) bid but like most of the PPIs (20-40 mg) except lansoprazole (15-30 mg qd) and rabeprazole (10-20 mg qd) |
| Hyocine | Tab 10 mg q4-6h |
| Allopurinol | 200 to 300 mg/d for mild gout and 400 to 600 mg/d in severe tophaceous gout; tab 100, 300 mg; do not initiate at the time of attack; do not D/c in time of attack |
| Colchicine | in the first 24 hrs, 0.6 mg/hr po until symptoms improves or GI upset; total dose is usually: 4-8 mg; course can be repeated after 2-3 days |
| Misoprostol | Synthetic prostaglandin E 1 analog that inhibits gastric acid secretion and exerts mucosal-protective properties; tab 100, 200 mcg; 1-2 tab bid-qid with NSAIDS |
| Entocort EC | Budesonide; Crohn's treatment |
| Laxatives | Surface acting: Ducosate [Colace, cap 100 mg od]; bulk forming: psyllium; Osmotic agents: Mg hydroxide or lactulose [sol 10 gm/15mL; Dose: 30 mL od]; Cathertics: sennosides [Senna, chewable tab]or bisacodyl [Dulcolax, tab 5 mg, sup 10 mg]; Enema preps |
| Psyllium | Laxative, bulk forming; Metamucil, 2 sp or packet or 3-6 g with meals or with water; |
| Docusate | [Colace; OTC; tab 100; cap 50, 100, 250 mg; Syrup 20 mg/5 mL; Solution 50 mg/5 mL]: Stool softener (absorbes water); 50-500 mg qd; children school: 40-120, preschool: 20-60 |
| lactulose | sol 10 gm/15mL; Dose: 30 mL od |
| Sennosides | [Senna, OTC; tab 6, 15, 25; Syrup 8.8/5 mL; Liquid 25 mg/15 mL; sup 8.5]: Laxative (Cathertic, like bisacodyl) ; 12-50 mg qhs or bid |
| Bisacodyl | Dulcolax tab 10, supp 20 |
| Antiemetics | Zofran (tab 2, 4, 8; tid before meal); promethazine (12.5-25 mg po/pr/im/iv q4h prn); Compazine (5-10 po im tid qid); Tigan (250 mg po tid/qid or 200 mg im tid/qid) |
| Ondansetron [Zofran] | tab 2, 4, 8; Solution 4 mg/5mL; 4-8 mg tid half an hour before meals; (Orally Disintegrated Pills); 4 mg iv |
| Metoclopramide | tab 5, 10 mg |
| Domperidone | Motillium; antidopaminergic for nausea and vomiting; also induces lactation; tab 10 mg |
| Anti-diarrheal | Loperamide (Imodium); Diphenoxylate HCl 2.5 mg/atropine sulfate 0.025 mg (Lomotil) |
| Loperamide | 4 mg po once, followed by 2 mg after each loose stool; max 16 mg/d |
| Lomotil | Diphenoxylate HCl 2.5 mg/atropine sulfate 0.025 mg; 2 tab po qid until the diarrhea is controlled |
| Hyoscine N Butyl Bromide | Buscopan; tab 10 mg; tid |
| Hyoscine Hydro bromide (Scopolamine) | Ophthalmic solution 0.25%; Tab 0.4 mg; Inj 0.4, 1 mg/mL; Transdermal 1.5 mg; |
| Proctomyxin | Hemorroids and fissures; ointment and suppositories; bid or may be used more frequently after bowel movement and cleaning the area |
| Crestor | Rosuvastatin; tab 5, 10, 20, 40; start 10 mg od |
| Lipitor | Atorvastatin; 10-20 mg od; Leg pain |
| Lescol | Fluvastatin; cap 10, 20; 20-80 mg od |
| Mevacor | Lovastatin; tab 10, 20, 40; 10-80 mg od; ER 10-60 mg od |
| Zocor, Lipex | Simvastatin; tab 5, 10, 20, 40, 80; 20-80 mg od or divided |
| Simcor | Simvastatin+Niacin ER |
| Cholestyramine | Lipid lowering and bile acid sequestrant |
| Ezetimibe | Ezetrole tab 10 mg; Antihyperlipidemic agent; qd |
| Vytorin | ezetimibe and simvastatin; 10/10, 10/20, 10/40, 10/80 |
| Niaspan | Niacin (nicotinic acid, Vit B3); improves all aspects of lipid profile; tab 500 mg; 1-4 tab qhs; Problem: flushing (give ASA) and inducing insulin resistance |
| ACEI? | Captopril [tab 12.5, 25, 50, 100; note preparations X10 of ramipril]; Enalapril [tab 2.5, 5, 10, 20 – Inj. 1.25 mg/mL]; Ramipril [Altace, 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10; note preparations 1/10 that of captopril]; Perindopril (Coversyl; tab 2, 4, 8 mg) |
| CCBs? | Amlodipine: 2.5-10 mg/d od; Diltiazem [Cardizem, tab 30. 60, 90, 120; CD or LA: 120, 180, 240, 300, 360]: 120-360 mg/d SR; Verapamil [Calan tab 80, 120; Covera HS 180, 240; Isoptin SR 120, 180, 240]: 80-160 mg/d tid; significant constipation |
| ARBs? | Losartan (Cozaar®): tab 25, 50, 100; Candesartan (Atacand): tab 4, 8, 16, 32; irbesartan (Avapro) 150, 300; Olmesartan (Olmetec) |
| Avalide | irbesartan-hydrochlorothiazide; 150/12.5 mg, 300/12.5 mg, and 300/25 mg |
| Altace | Ramipril cap 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10 mg |
| Vasotec | Enalapril [tab 2.5, 5, 10, 20 – Inj. 1.25 mg/mL] |
| Vasoretic | HCTZ tab 12.5, 25, 50 |
| Fragmin | Dalteparin; heparin (LMW) |
| Lovenox | Enoxaparin; 30 mg iv loading + 1 mg/kg sc bid; (max 100; ad in renal failure); not recommended in old age; no need for PTT; Also tinzaparin (Innohep) and dalteparin (Fragmin) |
| Dipyridamole | Persantine; antithrombotic and in myocardial perfusion studies; tab 25, 50, 75; po 75 to 100 mg qid as an adjunct to the usual warfarin therapy |
| Multaq | dronedarone [tab 400 ,g, bid]; for rhythm control in A-Fib (also amiodarone: [tab 100, 200, 300, 400 mg; inj 50 mg; 600-1200 mg/d for 1-3 weeks then maintain at 400-600) |
| Uremol | hydrocortisone and urea topical ointment |
| Hyderm | hydrocortisone topical ointment |
| Betamethasone strengths | 0.05 and 0.1% |
| Prevex (HC and B) | Topical hydrocortisone or betamethasone |
| Triacomb | triamcinolone, neomycin, gramicidin, and nystatin |
| Neosporin | bacitracin, neomycin, and polymyxin B |
| Fucidin | Topical antibiotic; Fucidine-H: + hydrocortisone |
| Polysporin | Bacitracin and polymyxin B; topical and ophthalmic ointments |
| Ozonol | non-stinging ointment for treatment of scrapes, minor burns, and skin irritations like chafing and chapping |
| Stievamycin | Acne treatment; tretinoin - erythromycin topical; mild, regular, forte]: qd |
| Clindoxyl gel | Acne treatment; 1% clindamycin phosphate and 5% benzoyl peroxide |
| Depo-medrol | Long acting Methylprednisolone 40, 80 mg; im, intra lesional or intra articular |
| Solu-medrol | Methylprednisolone iv and im; 40, 125, 500, 1000 mg vials |
| Prednisone | 1 mg, 2.5 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg, 20 mg, and 50 mg, Prednisone Oral Solution USP, 5 mg per 5 mL and Prednisone Intensol™ Oral Solution (Concentrate), 5 mg per mL |
| Loratidine | [Claritin; tab 10 mg; Syr 5mg/ml]: Antihistamine, not sedative; With pseudoephedrine: Claritin-D; OTC; qd or bid |
| Cetirizine | Antihistamine; tab 5, 10 mg; Zyrtec -D (with pseudoephedrine) 5/120 mg; qd or bid |
| Diphenhydramine | [Benadryl; OTC; tab susp 25, 50)]; 25-50 mg q4h (max 200 mg/d) |
| Dimenhydrinate | Gravol, OTC, Dramamine; tab 50 mg; inj 50 mg; 50-100 q4h (max 400 mg/d) |
| Promethazine | Phenergan; OTC; tab 12.5, 25, 50 mg |
| Rhinocort Aqua | budesonide nasal spray 32 mcg; allergic rhinitis, adults and children > 6 y/o: 64 µg / d (one spray per nostril); maximum recommended dose for adults (children > 12 y/o: 256 µg/d (4 sprays in each nostril) |
| Cyclobenzaprine Hydrochloride | [Flexeril; tab 5, 10 mg; Amrix cap 15, 30]: muscle relaxant] |
| Norflex | Orphenadrine; Muscle relaxant: 60 mg im or iv q12h prn; 100 mg po q12h |
| Baclofen | Muscle relaxant; tab 10, 20; Treatment of reversible spasticity resulting from multiple sclerosis; off label: Therapy for trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux); tardive dyskinesia; also intrathecal |
| Atasol 30 | Acetaminophen + codeine 30 mg |
| Percocet | Oxycodon and Acetaminophen; 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10 + 325 or 650 |
| Oxycontin | Oxycodon CR; 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 160 mg; Oxycodon: tab 5 |
| Hydromorph Contin | tab CR; 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30 mg q12h |
| Durajesic | fentanyl transdermal; 12.5, 25, 50, 75, 100 mcg.hr |
| Meperidine | Narcotic; [Demerol; tab 50, 150]: 50 mg to 150 mg (1 - 1.5 mg/kg) po q3-4h; Inj 50 mg |
| Tramadol | Ralivia; Opiod; tab 50, ER tab 100, 200, 300; Zytram XL 400 |
| Tramacet | Tramadol (37.5 mg), Acetaminophen (325 mg); 2 tab q4-6h prn (max, 8 tab/day; less than 5 days) |
| Naproxen group and forms | NSAIDs; [tab 200, 250, 375, 500]; always bid |
| Ketorolac | NSAIDS; [Toradol; tab 10, sol 0.5%. inj 15, 30 mg/mL]: 60 mg im, 30 mg iv (half this dose if age > 65) |
| Indomethacin | Tab 25, 50 |
| Diclofenac | Voltaren; tab ec 25, 50, 75 mg; Supp 50, 100; gel 3%; XR 75, 100 mg; With 200 mg misoprostol (Arthrotec) |
| Mefenamic acid | Ponstar, Ponstan, Cap 250 |
| Ibuprofen | Advil; Tab 200, 400, 600, 800 mg |
| ArthroTec | diclofenac and misoprostol; 50 mg bid or tid |
| Clonidine | Catapres; Tab 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 mg; stimulates central alpha-adrenergic receptors; hypertensive urgencies; alcohol, smoking or narcotics cessation; hot flashes |
| Triptans | Migrain; Sumatriptan [Imitrex; tab 25, 50, 100; 25-100 q2h, max 200/d] and Naratriptan [Amerge; tab 2.5; one pill can be repeat in 4 hours only once] |
| Pizotifen | [Sandomigran, tab 0.5, 1.5 mg]: gradual increase in dose up to 6 mg/d tid. Preventing attacks of migraine |
| Pregabalin | Lyrica; management of neurogenic pain (diabetes, fibromyalgia); anticonvulsant; cap 25, 50, 100, 150, 200, 300; start 75 mg bid up to 300 mg daily dose |
| Caltrate-D | 600 mg calcium + 400 iu vit D; 1-2 tab od in osteoporosis |
| Nicotine (chew) | 21 mg od |
| Centrum | Vit C |
| Lamisil | terbinafine hydrochloride; tab 250 mg, cream, gel; 250 mg po qd for 1-4 wks for Tinea cruris (also fluconazole) |
| Folic acid | Tab 0.4, 0.8, 1 mg; inj 5 mg/mL |
| Serc | betahistine: a histaminelike agent to treat Ménière disease and non-specific dizziness; tab 16, 24 mg; 24-48 mg/d bid or tid |
| Slow-K | Potassium chloride; tab 600 mg (8 mEq), tid; RDA: 4.7 g/d |
| Solifenacin [Vesicare] | Urinary antispasmodic (anti-cholinergic) Rx of overactive bladder |
| tolterodine | Detrol; anticholinergic; muscarinic receptors antagonist; decrease bladder spasms, used in urge incontinence; tab 1, 2 mg; 2 mg bid, reduce if responded |
| Oxybutynin | Ditropan (Uromax); Antichoinergic (muscarine) and direct spamolytic action on bladder; anticholinergic effect: 1/5 that of atropine; tab 5 mg, ER 5, 10, 15 mg, 5 mg bid or tid; Oxytrol (transdermal 36 mg, 3.9 mg/d); Gelnique 10% |
| Phenazopyridine | Irritant cystitis: 200 mg po tid X2d; Turns urine red |
| Flomax (tamsulosin) | alpha-adrenergic blockers; relaxes the muscles in the prostate and bladder neck, making it easier to urinate |
| Enablex | Darifenacin; tab ER 7.5 and 15 mg; reduces muscle spasms of the bladder and urinary tract; for of overactive bladder and incontinence; start 7.5 mg qd up to 15 mg after two weeks |
| Lupron and Zoladex | GnRH agonists, It reduces the amount of testosterone in men or estrogen in women; prostate cancer and estrogen dependent cancers |
| Finasteride | tab; treatment of symptomatic BPH; 5 mg po qd |
| Theo-bronc | Theophylline--Potassium Iodide--Guaifenesin--Mepyramine Maleate Bronchodilator--Expectorant; 10 mL tid po |
| Delaudid | Guaifenesine (100 mg) and hydromorphone (1 mg) / 5 mL; Antitussive |
| Buckley’s Mixture | Cough syrup (suppressant), bad taste; To be taken q2-3h prn. Max 5 times in 24 hours. Adults: 1 to 2 teaspoons (5 to 10 mL). If preferred, mix with equal parts honey. |
| Cotridin | Codeine (10 mg) - triprolidine - pseudoephedrine – guaifenesin; Adults: 10 mL (2 teaspoons) every four to six hours as needed (do not exceed four doses in 24 hours) |
| Champix / Chantix | Smoking cessation; Varenicline tab 0.5, 1 mg: days 1 to 3, 0.5 mg once daily; days 4 to 7, 0.5 mg twice daily; day 8 to end of treatment, 1 mg twice daily for 12 weeks; start 1 week before stoping to smoke |
| Pedialyte | ORT; Daily dose: 100-150 mL (or 2 freezer pops) / kg |
| Jakes mouthwash | Stomatitis and other conditions; Dexamethasone, tetracycline, nystatin, diphenhydramine (Benadryl) 200 ml bottles, 2 sp qid |
| Benzdamine mouth rinse | Gurgle 15 mL (1 table sp) tid or qid; keep it in mouth for at least 30 secs |
| Salinex | Nasal saline spray |
| OCPs | Ovral28; Marvelon 21; Marvelon 28; Lenessa 21, Ortho-Cyclinen, Ortho tri-Cycline (more progestrone); Seasonale |
| Auralgan | Antipyrine / Benzocaine ; Treatment of acute otitis media of various etiologies; removal of cerumen; fill ear canal and insert cotton q1-2hrs |
| Otitis Externa drops | Cortimyxin [Neomycin, polymyxin B, and hydrocortisone]: 4-5 gtt q6h into affected ear; Ciprodex otic suspension [Ciprofloxacin-dexamethasone otic]: 4 gtt q12h into affected ear |
| Tobramycin [Tobrex; ophthalmic solution (0.3%) and ointment (0.3%)] | 1.25 cm ribbon of ointment bid tid (q3-4 hr for severe infections) or 1 to 2 gtt 4 to 6 times/d (for severe infections, every h until improvement; then frequency of administration is reduced) |
| Vigamox | Eye antibiotic solution; 1-2 gtt X4-6/d with erythromycin eye ointments at nights |
| Systane-Ultra | Eye lubricant; 1-2 gtt qid |
Created by:
Bijan39
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