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Unit 3 Flashcards
Constitutional Era
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What were the Articles of Confederation? | The first constitution of the united states. It created a very weak NATIONAL government. |
| What is the Northwest Ordinance? | Law establishing a way for admitting new states to the United States |
| What is the Great Compromise? | Agreement that decided how many REPRESENTATIVES large and small states would send to Congress. |
| What is the 3/5th's Compromise? | Agreement over how slaves would count for REPRESENTATION and taxation purposes. (5 slaves = 3 whites) |
| What did the Federalists support? | They supported creating a NEW constitution. They believed a new constitution would create a more stable government. |
| What did the ANTI-Federalists think about creating a new constitution? | They were AGAINST a new constitution. They believed it needed a Bill of Rights to protect their individual freedoms. |
| What are the 3 branches of government? | Executive, Legislative and Judicial |
| What does the Executive branch do? | Enforces the law (President) |
| What does the Legislative branch do? | Creates/makes laws (Congress) |
| What does the Judicial branch do? | Judges the law. The Supreme Court makes sure that every law is constitutional. |
| Explain the Principle of Checks and Balances. | Each branch of government has some power over the other two branches, helps to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful. |
| What is an example of a civic duty? | Jury Duty. Citizens must serve on juries to determine verdict. If not then the 6th and 7th amendments will not be able to be carried out. |
| 1st Amendment | Freedom of religion, freedom of speech, freedom of press, freedom of assembly and freedom of petition |
| 2nd Amendment | Right to bear arms |
| 3rd Amendment | No Quartering |
| 4th Amendment | No unreasonable searches and seizures |
| 5th Amendment | No self-incrimination (you have the right to remain silent) |
| 6th Amendment | Right to a speedy trial |
| 7th Amendment | Right to trial by jury |
| 8th Amendment | No cruel and unusual punishment, excessive bail |
| 9th Amendment | People have other rights not stated in the Constitution |
| 10th Amendment | State and National government share power (FEDERALISM), powers not listed in the Constitution go to the states and people |
| Popular Sovereignty | Government was created by the people for the people. People have the power. POWER TO THE PEOPLE |
| Republicanism | People elect their representatives |
| Federalism | Power of the government is shared between the states and the national government |
| Separation of Powers | Split the powers of government into 3 branches |
| Checks and Balances | Each branch makes sure the others are working the way they are supposed to |
| Limited government | Strict limits on government to protect the people. Everyone follows the same laws no matter what position you hold in government |
| Individual Rights | the first 10 amendments of the Constitution protect individuals rights against the power of the government. |
| What year was the Constitution Ratified (approved)? | 1787 (after Shays rebellion) |
| What does the word ratified mean? | to approve |
| Describe the Amendment Process. | an amendment is PROPOSED by 2/3rds of Congress then RATIFIED or approved by 3/4ths of State Legislatures then the amendment gets added to the Constitution |
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