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vocabulary Un 2,3,4
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Weathering is | the breaking of rock |
Erosion is | the movement of rock |
Deposition is | the dropping of rock in a new place |
series circuit | only has one way for the electricity to flow; one pathway |
parallel circuit | has 2 or more ways for electricity to flow |
circuit | a path that electricity travels through |
open circuit | a break in the circuit; electricity CAN NOT flow |
closed circuit | No breaks in the circuit; electricity is able to flow |
MELTS | mechanical, electrical, light, thermal, sound |
Mechanical energy | energy of motion |
Sound energy | energy of vibration (a fast back and forth movement) |
Electrical energy | movement of negative particle (electrons) |
Thermal energy | heat energy; the faster particles move, the hotter it is |
reflection | the bouncing of light |
refraction | the bending of light |
magnifying glass, glasses, microscopes, binoculars, water | refraction |
mirror, still (calm) water, shiny surfaces | reflection |
sediment | small pieces of rock |
sedimentary rock | rock formed by sediment; formed in water |
compaction | pressure |
cementation | pieces of sediment stick together by minerals in the water |
steps of making sedimentary rock | deposited, compacted, cemented and time |
Fossils fuels | an energy source formed by once living organisms |
coal | formed in swamps by ferns |
oil and natural gas | formed in oceans by tiny microscopic sea organisms |
steps of fossil fuel formation | time, heat and pressure (compaction) |
fossil | evidence of past organisms that lived a long time ago |
What can fossils tell us? | they can tell us about past environments and past organisms |
What are the steps for an organism to become a fossil? | an organism dies; gets buried quickly in sediment, the bones are replaced by minerals seeping into the bones, encased inside of sedimentary rock |
landforms | the form of the land |
canyons | formed by a river by rock being weathered and eroded |
delta | formed by a river when sediment is eroded and deposited at the mouth of a river |
U-shaped valley | formed by a glacier (ice) when ice weather and erodes the ground |
sand dune | formed by wind when sand is eroded and deposited by wind created mountains of sand |
renewable resources | resources that can come back in a short period of time |
nonrenewable resources | resource that can not come back in s short period of time; they take millions of years to make ex. fossil fuels |
mining | when coal is dug out of the ground |
drilling | how oil and natural gas are taken from the ground |
organism | a living thing |
boiling point of water | 100 degrees celcius |
freezing point of water | 0 degrees celcius |
melting point of water | 0 degrees celcius |
freezing | when water changes from the liquid state to the solid state at 0 degrees celcius |
melting | when water changes from the solid state to the liquid state at 0 degrees celcius |
evaporation | when water changes from the liquid state to the gas state |
condensation | when water changes from the gas state to the liquid state |
matter | anything that has mass and takes up space |
relative density | When matter sinks or floats in water |
conductor | when electricity or heat is allowed to flow through it ex. all metals |
insulator | when electricity or heat is NOT allowed to flow through it ex. rubber, wood, plastic |
solubility | the ability of a substance to dissolve evenly into another substance |
soluble | when a substance can evenly spread out into another substance ex. salt and water |
insoluble | when a substance can NOT dissolve into another substance ex) oil and water |
volume | the amount of space matter takes up |
mass | the amount of matter in an object |
classifying | putting into groups by their characteristics |