Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Chap 7 orthopedics
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Orthopedics | The medical specialty that studies the anatomy and physiology of the skeletal and muscular systems and uses laboratory and diagnostic procedures, medical and surgical procedures, and drugs to treat skeletal and muscular diseases |
| Avascular Necrosis | Death of cells in the epiphysis of a long bone, often the femur |
| Osteoma | benign tumor of the bone |
| Osteosarcoma | cancerous bone tumor in which osteoblasts multiply uncontrollably |
| Chondroma | benign tumor of the cartilage |
| Chondromalacia patellae | Abnormal softening of the patella because of thinning and uneven wear |
| Fracture | broken bone due to an accident, injury, or disease process |
| Open Fracture (Compound Fracture) | Occurs when a broken bone breaks through the overlying skin |
| colles fracture | occurs when the distal radius is broken by falling onto an outstretched hand |
| depressed fracture | occurs when the cranium is fractured inward toward the brain |
| greenstick | fracture that occurs in children when the bone only breaks on one side, its occurs when the bone bends and doesn’t break completely |
| Osteomalacia | abnormal softening of the bones due to a deficiency of vitamin D |
| Osteomyelitis | infection in the bone and the bone marrow |
| Osteoporosis | abnormal thinning of the bone structure |
| Ankylosing spondylitis | chronic inflammation of the vertebrae that leads to fibrosis, fusion, and restriction of movement of the spine. |
| Ankylosing | Suffix: -osing condition of making Combining Form: ankyl/o- fused together; stiff Medical Definition: Condition of being fused together |
| Spondylitis | Suffix: -itis inflammation; infection of Combining Form: spondyl/o- vertebrae Medical Definition: inflammation or infection of the vertebrae |
| Kyphosis (Humpback) | abnormal, excessive, posterior curvature of the thoracic spine |
| Lordosis (Swayback) | abnormal, excessive, anterior curvature of the lumbar spine |
| Scoliosis | abnormal, excessive C-shaped or S-shaped lateral curvature of the spine |
| Arthralgia | pain in the joint from injury, inflammation, or infection from various causes |
| Arthropathy | disease of a joint from any cause |
| Gout | metabolic disorder with high levels of uric acid in the blood |
| Hemarthrosis | blood in the joint cavity from blunt trauma or a penetrating wound |
| Osteoarthritis | chronic inflammatory disease of the joints, particularly the large weight bearing joints and joints that move repeatedly; Degenerative Joint Disease (DJD) |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | acute and chronic inflammatory disease of connective tissue, particularly of the joints |
| Sprain | overstretching or tearing of a ligament around a joint |
| Pectus excavatum | congenital deformity of the bony thorax in which the sternum, particularly the xiphoid process, is bent forward. |
| Genu Valgum | congenital deformity in which the knees are rotated toward the midline are are abnormally close together and lower legs are bent laterally: knock-knee |
| Genu varum | congenital deformity in which the knees are rotated laterally away from each other and the lower legs are bent toward the midline: bowleg |
| Hallux valgus (bunion) | deformity in which the great toe is angled laterally toward the other toes |
| Talipes equinovarus | congenital deformity in which the foot is pulled downward and toward the midline: clubfoot |
| arthrography | procedure that uses a radioplaque contrast dye that is injected into a joint |
| arthrogram | x-ray, CT, MRI image; picture of a joint |
| bone density tests | procedure that measures the bone density to detect osteoporosis |
| goniometry | procedure in which a goniometer is used to measure the angle of a joint and its range of motion (ROM) |
| goniometer | instrument used to measure an angle of a joint (measures range of motion) |
| orthosis | orthopedic device such as a brace, splint, or collar that is used to immobilize a body part and keep it straight or correct an orthopedic problem |
| prosthesis | orthopedic device such as an artificial leg for a patient who has had an amputation of a limb |
| Amputation | procedure to remove all or part of an extremity because of trauma, cardiovascular disease, or diabetes mellitus |
| Arthrocentesis | procedure to remove an accumulation of fluid from an injured joint by using a needle inserted into the joint space |
| Arthrodesis | Procedure to fuse together a joint |
| Arthroscopy | Procedure that uses an arthroscope inserted into the joint to visualize structures inside the joint |
| Arthroscope | instrument used to examine a joint |
| Bone graft | procedure that uses whole bone or bone chips to repair fractures with extensive bone loss or defects due to bone cancer. |
| Allograft | frozen or freeze-dried bone taken from a cadaver |
| Autograft | bone taken from the patient’s own body |
| Joint placement therapy | procedure to replace a joint that has been destroyed by disease or osteoarthritis; also known as arthroplasty |
| Analgesic drugs | medications used to treat pain, can be over-the-counter such as acetaminophen or aspirin Suffix: -ic pertaining to Prefix an- not; without Combining form: alges/o- sensation of pain Medical Definition: pertaining to without the sensation of pain |
| Bone Resorption Drugs | medications that inhibit osteoclasts from breaking down bone; used to prevent and treat osteoporosis |
| Corticosteroid | medications that decrease severe inflammation |
| Gold Compound Drugs | Medications that inhibit the autoimmune response that attacks the joints and connective tissue in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. |
| AKA | Above the knee amputation |
| BKA | Below the knee amputation |
| DJD | Degenerative joint disease |
| OA | osteoarthritis |
| ORIF | Open reduction and internal fixation (procedure to treat a compound fracture) |
| RA | Rheumatoid Arthritis |
| ROM | range of motion |
| THR | total hip replacement |
Created by:
taylormitchell
Popular Medical sets