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MT Chapter 10
Term | Definition |
---|---|
capn/o | carbon dioxide |
bronchi/o | bronchus |
alveol/o | alveolus |
palat/o | palate |
pulmon/o | lung |
sinus/o | sinus |
steth/o | chest |
trache/o | trachea |
palate | roof of the mouth; partition between the oral and nasal cavities; divided into the hard and soft palate |
soft palate | muscular posterior (back) portion of the palate |
oropharynx | central portion of the pharynx between the roof of the mouth and the upper edge of the epiglottis |
tonsils | oval lymphatic tissues on each side of the pharynx that filter air to protect the body from bacterial invasion |
adenoid | lymphatic tissue on the back of the pharynx behind the nose |
pleural cavity | potential space between the visceral and parietal layers of the pleura |
stridor | high-pitched, crowing sound that occurs with an obstruction in the upper airway (trachea or larynx) |
cyanosis | bluish coloration of the skin caused by a deficient amount of oxygen in the blood |
expectoration | coughing up and spitting out of material from the lungs |
sputum | material expelled from the lungs by coughing |
hypercapnia | excessive level of carbon dioxide in the blood |
hypoxia | deficient amount of oxygen in tissue cells |
bronchospasm | constriction of bronchi caused by spasm (involuntary contraction) of the peribronchial smooth muscle |
croup | acute respiratory infection in infants and young children involving the larynx, trachea, and bronchi causing inflammation; creates a funnel-shaped elongation of tissue causing a distinct "seal bark" cough |
laryngospasm | spasm of the laryngeal muscles, causing a constriction |
pleural effusion | accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity |
pyothorax | accumulation of pus in the pleural cavity |
pneumonia | inflammation in the lung resulting from infection by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites or from aspiration of chemicals |
tonsillitis | acute or chronic inflammation of the tonsils |
pH | abbreviation for the potential of hydrogen; measurement of blood acidity or alkalinity |
bronchoscopy | use of a flexible endoscope, called a bronchoscope, to examine the airways |
spirometry | direct measurement of lung volume and capacity |
pulmonary angiography | x-ray imaging of the blood vessels of the lungs after the injection of contrast dye |
lobectomy | removal of a lobe of a lung |
pneumonectomy | removal of an entire lung |
tonsillectomy | removal of the tonsils |
tracheostomy | an operation to make an opening into the trachea, usually to insert a tube |
mechanical ventilation | mechanical breathing using a ventilator |
bronchodilator | a drug that dilates the muscular walls of the bronchi |
expectorant | a drug that increases bronchial secretions and promotes coughing them out |
auscultation | to listen; a physical examination method of listening to the sounds within the body with the aid of a stethoscope, such as auscultation of the chest for heart and lung sounds |
percussion | a physical examination method of tapping the body to elicit vibrations and sounds to estimate the size, border, or fluid content of a cavity, such as the chest |
cilia | hair-like processes from the surface of epithelial cells, such as those of the bronchi, to move mucus upward |
dyspnea | difficulty breathing |
orthopnea | ability to breathe only in an upright position |
CPR | cardiopulmonary resuscitation |
LTB | laryngotracheobronchitis |
PaCO2 | partial pressure of carbon dioxide |
PEFR | peak expiratory flow rate |
URI | upper respiratory infection |
lung biopsy (Bx) | removal of a small piece of lung tissue for pathologic examination |
VC | vital capacity |