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Otolaryngology
Ch. 15
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Otolaryngology | S: -olgy= study of CF: ot/o- = ear CF: laryng/o- = larynx; voice box MD: Study of the ears, (nose, throat), larynx, (and related structures). |
| Diseases or Conditions of the Ears | |
| Cerumen | Earwax |
| Hearing loss | Progressive, permanent decline in the ability to hear sounds in one or both ears |
| Conductive hearing loss | Occurs when a foreign body or infection in the external auditory canal, perforation of the tympanic membrane, fluid behind the tympanic membr. , degradation of the ossicles, or otosclerosis of the middle ear keeping sound waves from reaching the inner ear |
| Sensorineural hearing loss | Occurs when hearing loss is due to disease of the cochlea, damage to the inner ear from excessive noise, or changes due to aging that hinder the prod. or sending of sensory impulses to the vestibulocochlear nerve |
| Presbycusis | Bilateral hearing loss due to aging; condition of old age hearing |
| Anakusis | Total deafness |
| Hemotympanum | Blood in the middle ear behind the tympanic membrane |
| Otitis externa | Bacterial infection of the external auditory canal |
| Otalgia | Condition of ear pain |
| Otitis media | Acute or chronic bacterial infection of the middle ear |
| Myringitis | Infection or inflammation of the eardrum (tympanic membrane) |
| Otorrhea | Discharge from the ear |
| Otosclerosis | Abnormal hardening (of the bones) in the (inner) ear |
| Ruptured tympanic membrane | Tear in the tympanic membrane (eardrum) due to excessive pressure or infection |
| Tinnitus | Sounds (buzzing, ringing, hissing, or roaring) that are heard constantly or intermittently in one or both ears, especially in a quiet environment |
| Vertigo | Sensation of motion and dizziness when the body is not moving |
| Allergic rhirnitis | Infection in the nose pertaining to an allergy |
| Rhinorrhea | Discharge from the nose |
| Anosmia | Condition of not (having) a sense of smell |
| Epistaxis | Sudden, sometimes severe bleeding from the nose -Another word for nosebleed |
| Rhinophyma | Growth or tumor on the nose |
| Septal deviation | Lateral displacement of the nasal septum, significantly narrowing one nasal airway |
| Sinusitis | Infection of the sinus |
| Pansinusitis | Infection of all the sinuses |
| Upper Respiratory Infection (URI) | Bacterial or viral infection of the nose that can spread to the throat and ears -Common Cold |
| Cleft lip and palate | Congenital deformity in which the lip or the bones of the right and left maxilla fail to join in the center before birth |
| Unilateral | Pertaining to a cleft on one side |
| Bilateral | Pertaining to a cleft on two sides |
| Glossitis | Infection or inflammation of the tongue |
| Leukoplakia | Condition of white plaque (in the mouth) |
| Pharyngitis | Inflammation or infection of the throat -Streptococcus~ spherical curved bacterium that causes strep throat |
| Temporo-mandibular joint syndrome (TMJ) | Dysfunction of the movement of the temporomandibular joint |
| Thrush | Oral infection caused by the yeast Candida albicans that coats the mouth commonly in infants |
| Tonsillitis | Infection or inflammation of the tonsils |
| Laryngitis | Infection or inflammation of the larynx (voice box) |
| Hearing Tests | |
| Audiometry | Process of measuring hearing |
| Tympanometry | Process of measuring the (function of) the eardrum (tympanic membrane) |
| Surgical Procedures | |
| Cheiloplasty | Process of reshaping the lip by surgery |
| Mastoidectomy | Surgical removal of the mastoid process (of the temporal bone) |
| Myringotomy | Process of making an incision in the eardrum (tympanic membrane) |
| Tympanostomy | Surgically creating an opening in the eardrum (TM) -Tube insertion |
| Otoplasty | Process of reshaping the ear by surgery -Ear pinning |
| Polypectomy | Surgical removal of a polyp (from the nasal cavity, sinuses, or vocal cords) |
| Glossectomy | Surgical removal of (parts) of the tongue |
| Laryngectomy | Surgical removal of the larynx (voice box) |
| Rhinoplasty | Process of reshaping the nose by surgery |
| Septoplasty | Process of reshaping the septum by surgery |
| Stapedectomy | Surgical removal of the stapes (in the middle ear) -Performed to take care of otosclerosis |
| Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectiomy (T&A) | Surgical removal of the tonsils and adenoids |
| Tympanoplasty | Process of reshaping the eardrum (TM) by surgery |
| Drug Categories | |
| Decongestants | Medications that constrict blood vessels and decrease swelling of the mucous membranes of the nose and sinuses due to colds and allergies |
| Career Focus | |
| Audiologist | Allied health professionals who perform hearing tests, diagnose hearing loss, and determine how patients can best use their remaining hearing |
| Otolaryngologist | Person who specializes in the study of the ears and larynx |
| Otorhinolaryngologist | Person who specializes in the study of the ear, nose, and larynx |
| Abbreviations | AD- Right ear AS- Left ear AU- Both ears ENT- Ear, Nose, & Throat T&A- Tonsillectomy & Adenoidectomy TMJ- Temporomandibular joint URI- Upper Respiratory Infection |
Created by:
Ash_Nic
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