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pathophysiology

cardiovascular system

TermDefinition
condition: hypertension causes: narrowing of arteries, increased arterial pressure symptoms: excessive sweating, fatigue, muscle cramps, headaches, dizziness treatment: lifestyle modifications-diet, exercise, stress management, smoking cessation, meds
condition: angina coronary artery narrowing, atherosclerosis symptoms: pain/tightness in chest treatment: sublingual nitroglycerin, treatment of underlying condition
condition: coronary artery disease (atherosclerosis) causes: buildup of fat and cholesterol in arteries symptoms: usually no symptoms prior to heart attack treatment: lipid-lowering meds, low-fat diet, exercise, smoking cessation, coronary artery bypass grafting in severe cases
myocardial infarction (heart attack) causes: coronary artery blockage, atherosclerosis, blood clot symptoms: squeezing chest pain that can radiate to shoulder/arm/jaw/neck, shortness of breath, diaphoresis treatment: Aspirin, CPR if unconscious, defibrillation, meds, emergency protocol
condition: aneurysm causes: atherosclerosis, smoking, high cholesterol diet, obesity symptoms: usually none, possible back pain, tachycardia dizziness treatment: surgery
condition: congestive heart failure (CHF) causes: smoking, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, high cholesterol diet, hypertension symptoms: shortness of breath, wheezing, peripheral edema in legs, irregular heartbeat treatment: meds to address tachycardia, diuretic med for edema, antihypertensive
condition: mitral valve prolapse causes: usually unknown, hereditary or related to nervous system disorders symptoms: mild cases usually have none, severe cases have shortness of breath and palpitations treatment: none for mild cases, med to treat symptoms, surgery to repair
condition: thrombophlebitis causes: prolonged periods of inactivity, hormone replacement therapy, cancer, paralysis symptoms: pain in affected area, redness, swelling treatment: heat, compression stockings, anticoagulant meds, surgery
Created by: elshalance
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