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Chapter 9

Cardiovascular System

TermDefinition
angi/o vessel
aort/o aorta
ather/o fatty (lipid) paste
pector/o chest
sphygm/o pulse
steth/o chest
thromb/o clot
ventricul/o ventricle
endocardioum membrane lining the cavities of the heart
epicardium membrane forming the outer layer of the heart
interatrial septum partition between the right and left atria
interventricular septum partition between the right and left ventricles
pericardium protective sac enclosing the heart composed of two layers with fluid between
visceral pericardium layer of the pericardium closest to the heart (visceral = pertaining to organ)
parietal pericardium outer layer (parietal=pertaining to wall)
pericardial cavity fluid-filled cavity between the pericardial layers
ventricle lower right or left chamber of the heart
heart valves structures within the heart that open and close with the heartbeat to regulate the one-way flow of blood
aortic valve heart valve between the left ventricle and the aorta
mitral valve heart valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle (cuspis = point); also called the bicuspid valve
bicuspid valve heart valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle (cuspis = point); also called the mitral valve
pulmonary valve heart valve opening from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery (luna = moon); also called the pulmonary semilunar valve
tricuspid valve valves of the vein
arteries vessels that carry blood away from the heart to the arterioles
aorta large artery that is the main trunk of the arterial system branching from the left ventricle
arterioles small vessels that receive blood from the arteries
capillaries tiny vessels that join arterioles and venules
venules small vessels that gather blood from the capillaries into the veins
veins vessels that carry blood to the heart from the venules
systemic circulation circulation of blood throughout the body via arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins to deliver oxygen and nutrients to body tissues
coronary circulation circulation of blood through the coronary blood vessels to deliver oxygen and nutrients to the heart muscle tissue
pulmonary circulation circulation of blood from the pulmonary artery through the vessels in the lungs and back to the heart via the pulmonary vein, providing for the exchange of gases
blood pressure (BP) measure of the blood within the systemic arteries maintained by the force and rate of the heartbeat and the diameter and elasticity of arterial walls; measured with a sphygmomanometer (blood pressure cuff) for diagnostic purposes
Created by: 4159562774133671
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