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Surgical Procedures

MEDOP 230- Cardiology: Surgical Procedure

TermDefinitionNote
Aneurysmectomy Procedure to remove an aneurysm and repair the artery may involve insertion of a synthetic graft.
Cardiopulmonary bypass Technique used during open heart surgery in which the patient’s blood is temporarily rerouted to a heart-lung machine. •The machine adds oxygen and removes carbon dioxide and wastes from the blood.•The blood is then returned to the patient’s body.
Carotid endarterectomy Procedure to remove plaque from an occluded carotid artery; used to prevent stroke.
Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) Procedure to bypass an occluded coronary artery and restore blood flow to the heart muscle. •A blood vessel from elsewhere in the body is used as a graft.•The graft is sutured to the coronary artery in a way that allows blood to flow around the blockage.
Heart transplantation Procedure to remove a severely damaged heart from a patient with end-stage heart failure and insert a new heart from a donor who has recently died. •Blood and tissue typing are used to prevent rejection of the transplanted heart.•When a donor heart is not available, patients may receive a left-ventricular assist device or an artificial heart.
Pacemaker insertion Procedure in which an automated device is implanted to control heart rate and rhythm in a patient with arrhythmia.
Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) Procedure to reconstruct a coronary artery that is narrowed due to atherosclerosis. •A catheter is inserted through the skin into the femoral artery, then routed to the occluded coronary artery.•Plaque at the site of occlusion can be compressed by inflation of a balloon attached to the catheter. •A mesh stent may instead be placed to compress the plaque and widen the lumen.
Pericardiocentesis Procedure that uses a needle to puncture the pericardium and withdraw excess fluid from the pericardial sac..
Radiofrequency ablationan Procedure in which a catheter is used to administer electrical current that destroys the cells in an ectopic site.
Valve replacement Procedure to replace a severely damaged or prolapsed valve with an artificial valve.
Valvuloplasty Procedure to reconstruct a heart valve to correct stenosis or prolapse
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