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COHP 100 Ch 4
Respiratory System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| rhinoplasty | surgical repair of the nose |
| rhinorrhea | watery discharge from the nose |
| laryngoplegia | paralysis of the larynx |
| Laryngitis | inflammation of the larynx |
| bronchiectasis | dilation or expansion of the bronchus |
| bronchoscopy | visual examination of the bronchus |
| pleuralgia / pleurodynia | pain in the pleura |
| pleuritis | inflammation of the pleura |
| cyanosis | abnormal condition of blue (skin) |
| dyspnea | difficult or painful breathing |
| bradypnea | slow breathing |
| tachypnea | rapid breathing |
| eupnea | good or normal breathing |
| pyothorax | pus in the thorax |
| aerophagia | swallowing air |
| pleuritis / pleaurisy | inflammation of the pleura |
| croup | acute respiratory syndrome of childhood characterized by laryngeal obstruction and spasm, barking cough, and stridor |
| hypoxemia | a deficiency of oxygen in the blood |
| corticosteroids | hormonal agents that reduce edema and inflammation |
| CF | a disease that causes severe congestion within the lungs and digestive system as a result of production of thick mucus |
| stridor | a high pitched musical sound made on inspiration resulting from an obstruction of air passages |
| asthma | a respiratory disorder marked by recurrent attacks of difficult or labored breathing accompanied by wheezing |
| bronchodilators | drugs that dilate the bronchioles and bronchi to increase airflow |
| pneumothorax | a collection of air or gas in the pleural cavity |
| ABGs (arterial blood gases) | tests that analyze oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations in an arterial blood sample |
| epistaxis | a hemorrhage from the noses, aka nosebleed |
| anosmia | an absence or decrease in the sense of smell |
| PFT | refers to any of several tests used to evaluate respiratory function |
| Mantoux | an intradermal test to determine recent or past exposure to tuberculosis |
| atelectasis | a collapse of lung tissue, preventing the repiratory exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide |
| polypoid | resembling a polyp |
| meatus | an opening |
| biopsy | removal of a small piece of tissue for microscopic examination |
| metastic | pertaining to a carcinoma that has spread to a distant site |
| polypectomy | excision of a polyp |
| snare | wire loop instrument used for excision of polyps |
| hemorrhage | abnormal bursting forth of blood |
| anesthesia | administered substance that results in a loss of feeling sensation |
| cm | metric abbreviation that refers to a unit of length |
| carcinoma | tumor that is cancerous |
| adenoid/ectomy (upper respiratory) | excision of the adenoids |
| laryngoscope (upper respiratory) | instrument used to examine larynx |
| rhin/o/rrhea (upper respiratory) | discharge from the nose |
| pharyng/o/spasm (upper respiratory) | twitching or invountary contractions of the pharynx (throat) |
| tonsillectomy (upper respiratory) | excision of the tonsils |
| trache/o/tomy (upper respiratory) | incision of the trachea |
| alveol/ar | pertaining to an alveolus (or alveoli) |
| bronch/o/scopy bronchi/ectasis | visual exam of the bronchus through a bronchoscope expansion or dilation of a bronchus |
| bronchiol/itis | inflammation of the bronchioles |
| phren/algia | pain in the diaphragm |
| pleur/o/dynia | pain in the pleura |
| pneum/o/melan/osis pneumon/ia | abnormal condition of blackening of the lung tissue (caused by inhalation of coal dust or other black particles) abnormal condition of the lungs |
| pulmon/o/logist | physician or medical specialist who treats pulmonary diseases |
| thorac/o/pathy | disease of the thorax |
| aer/o/phagia | swallowing air |
| cyan/osis | abnormal condition of blue |
| mastoid/itis | inflammation of one of the mastoid bones, usually an extension of a middle ear infection |
| muc/oid | resembling mucus |
| orth/o/pnea | labored breathing that improves when standing or sitting up |
| myc/osis | any disease induced by a fungus |
| py/oythorax | pus in the chest |
| chondr/oma | tumor compose of cartilage |
| rhin/o/plasty | surgical repair of the nose |
| laryng/o/plegia | paralysis of the larnyx |
| respiratory system | nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchial tubes, lungs, and breathing muscleas |
| phren/o | diaphragm |
| ortho | straight |
| brady | slow |
| dys | bad;painful;difficult |
| eu | good, normal |
| tachy | rapid |
| crackles | fine crackling or bubbling sounds, aka rales, fluid in alveoli |
| friction rub | dry, grating sound heard with a stethoscope during auscultation |
| ronchi | loud coarse or snoring sounds heard during inspiration or expiration caused by obstructed airways |
| wheezes | continuous high pitched whistling sounds, usually during expiration caused by narrowing of an airway |
| acidosis | excessive acidity of blood as a result of an accumulation of acids or an excessive loss of bicarbonate caused by abnormally high levels of CO2 in the body |
| acute repiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) | life threatening, build up of fluids in the air sacs (alveoli), caused by vomit into the lungs (aspiration), inhaling chemicals, pneumonia, septic shock, trauma, that prevents enough oxygen from passing into the bloodstream; aka Adulat RDS |
| Anosmia | absence or decrease in the sense of smell |
| anoxia | total absence of O2 in body tissues; caused by a lack of O2 in inhaled air or by obstruction that prevents O2 from reaching the lungs |
| asphyxia | condition of insufficient O2; result of choking, toxic gases, electric shock, drugs, drowning, smoke or trauma |
| asthma | inflammatory airway disorder that results in attacks of wheezing, shortness of breath that gets worse with exercise or activity |
| atelectasis | collapse of lung tissue, which prevents the respiratory exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide and is caused by: obstruction of foreign bodies, excessive secretions, or pressure on the lung from a tumor |
| bronchitis | acute or chronic inflammation of mucuous membranes of the bronchial airways caused by irritation, infection, or both |
| coryza | acute inflammation of the nasal passages accompanied by profuse nasal discharge; aka a cold |
| Cystic Fibrosis | genetic disease that is one of the most common types of chronic lung disease in children and young adults and causes thick, stick mucus to build up in the lungs and digestive tract, possibly resulting in early death |
| emphysema | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) that makes it difficult to breath and is characterized by losss of elasticity of the lung tissue that causes the small airways to collapse during forced exhalation |
| epistaxis | hemorrhage from the nose, aka nose bleed |
| hypercapnia | greater than normal amounts of CO2 in the blood |
| hypoxemia | deficiency of oxygen in the blood; usually a sign of respiratory impairment |
| hypoxia | deficiency of O2 in body tissues; usually a sign of repiratory impairment |
| influenzae | acute, contagious respiratory infection characterized by sudden fever, chills, headache and muscle pain |
| otitis media | inflammation of the middle ear, from upper resp infection with symptoms of otodynia; may be treated with myringotomy or tympanostomy tubes |
| exudative | OM with the presence of fluid, pus, or serum |
| pertussis | acute infectious disease characterized by a whooping cough |
| pleurisy | inflammation of the pleural membrane characterized by a stabbing pain that is intensified by deep breathing or coughing |
| pneumothorax | collection of air or gas in the pleural cavity, causing the complete or partial collapse of a lung |
| SIDS | completely unexpected and unexplained death of healthy baby (crib death) |
| polysomnography (PSG) | sleeps study to evaluate things like heart rate, activity, breathing, eye and muscle movements, snoring, kicking during sleep, and sleep cycles |
| Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) | various tests used to determin the capacity of the lungs to exchange O2 and CO2 efficiently |
| Spirometry | common lung function test that measures and records the volume and rate of inhaled and exhaled air; used to assess pulmonary function by means of a spirometer and to assess obstructive lung diseases (asthma, COPID) |
| CPR: Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation | basic emergency procedure for life support |
| Endotracheal intubation | procedure in which an airway catheter is inserted through the mouth or nose into the trachea just above the bronchi in patients who are unable to breathe on their own; also used to administer oxygen, medication and anesthesia |
| postural drainage | use of body positioning to assist in the removal of secretions from specific lobes of the lung, bronchi, or lung cavities |
| thoracocentesis | use of needle to collect pleural fluid for laboratory analysis or to remove excess pleural fluid or air from pleural space (thoracentesis) |
| tracheostomy | incision into the trachea and creation of a permanent opening through which a tracheostomy tube is inserted to keep the opening patent |
| bronchodilators | dilate constricted airways by relaxing muscle spasms in the bronchial tubes through oral administration or inhalation through MDI |
| nebulized mist treatment | method of administering medication directly into the lungs using a device that produces a fine spray; aka aerosol therapy |
| CPAP | continuous positive airway pressure |
| OSA | obstructive sleep apnea |
| UPP | uvulopalatopharyngoplasty |
Created by:
ambermaclean12
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