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Pathophysiology
Week 4-6
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A patient is experiencing leukopenia from cancer and chemotherapy treatment. Which condition should the nurse assess for in this patient? | Infection |
| A nurse is explaining variant genes to a group of nursing students. When discussing the retinoblastoma gene, what type of gene is the nurse describing? | A tumor-suppressor gene |
| A nurse is describing the process of metastasis. Which is necessary in order for metastasis to occur? | Decreased cell adhesions |
| A patient is preparing to receive adjuvant therapy for cancer. What should the nurse tell the patient to reinforce teaching? This type of therapy: | is given after cancer surgery. |
| Malignant tumors have a tendency to: | invade surrounding tissues. |
| A patient with cancer has poor muscle functioning and fatigue. Which cytokines/inflammatory mediators does the nurse suspect is causing these problems? | Tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-1 |
| During a health fair, the nurse is asked about cancer symptoms. The best response identifies that the most commonly reported symptom is: | Fatigue |
| An oncologist is discussing the process of metastasis. Which information should the oncologist include? For metastasis to occur, tumor cells must be capable of: | surviving in the bloodstream. |
| The nurse is reviewing a patient’s laboratory report. Which finding correlates to the patient’s diagnosis of cervical cancer? | Human papilloma virus |
| A nurse is teaching the staff about tissue loss in cancer wasting. Which information should the nurse include? A factor that contributes to the tissue loss in cancer wasting is: | the release of cytokines. |
| A patient ruptured the middle meningeal artery, resulting in an epidural hemorrhage. The nurse realizes that in this type of intracranial hemorrhage; the bleeding occurs between the dura mater and the: | skull |
| A patient has a vertebral disorder that involves a structural defect (often hereditary) that causes forward displacement of the affected vertebra. Which diagnosis will the nurse observe documented on the chart? | Spondylolysis |
| A nurse is discussing the pathophysiology of cerebral infarction. Which point is correct? Cerebral thrombosis develops most frequently from: | atherosclerosis |
| A patient has Guillain-Barré. During the health history the nurse should ask about a history of: | respiratory viral infections. |
| A patient has a subdural hematoma. A nurse realizes that the bleeding is occurring: | between the dura mater and the brain. |
| A nurse is describing the pathophysiology of myasthenia gravis. Which information should the nurse include? | This is an autoimmune disease mediated by antibodies against the acetylcholine receptors, resulting in defective nerve impulses. |
| Which statement indicates that the nurse needs more teaching regarding the types of subdural hematoma? _____________is a type of subdural hematoma. | Intracerebral |
| A sign associated with classic cerebral concussion is: | loss of consciousness. |
| The development of sensory and motor symptoms in multiple sclerosis is caused by: | immunologic and inflammatory demyelination of central nervous system neurons. |
| When a nurse is asked what usually causes encephalitis, what is the nurse's best answer? | A viral infection |
| In a patient with an epidural hematoma, the nurse recalls that bleeding occurs between the skull and: | dura mater. |
| Which intervertebral disks should the nurse assess first for herniation? | L4-S1 |
| A patient's forehead hit the steering wheel during a motor vehicle accident. Which part of the brain received the coup injury? | Frontal |
| The nurse is caring for a patient with myasthenia gravis. If either a myasthenic or cholinergic crisis occurs, the nurse should: | monitor for respiratory arrest. |
| A patient developed a subdural hematoma within 12 hours of the injury. Which diagnosis will the nurse observe documented on the chart? | Acute subdural hematoma |
| A nurse is describing the pathophysiology of a herniated disk. Which information should the nurse include? | The nucleus pulposus extrudes and compresses the nerve root. |
| A patient with HIV has painful burning dysesthesias and paresthesia, especially in the extremities. What condition will the nurse see documented in the chart? | HIV neuropathy |
| A nurse is preparing a presentation on progressive neurological disorders. Which concept should be taught? | Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis—degenerative disorder of both upper and lower motor neurons |
| A patient has a brief episode of neurological deficits that resolves within 12 hours with a return to normal functioning. Which diagnosis will the nurse observe documented on the chart? | Transient ischemic attack |
| A patient has a recent spinal cord injury. Which term should the nurse use to describe the loss of reflex function below the level of injury/lesion? | Spinal shock |
Created by:
shid1851
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