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Week 9-11
Weeks 9-11 Pathophysiology Quiz
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A primary care provider tells the nurse that a patient has a shift to the left. Which type of patient will the nurse be caring for? A patient with a: | bacterial infection |
| A patient has a "shift to the left" or "left shift". Which other term can the nurse use to describe this finding? | Leukemoid reaction |
| A patient has multiple myeloma. Which area in the body does the nurse closely monitor for the tumor masses? | Bones |
| A patient has hypersplenism. How should the nurse explain this to the patient? In this disease, which is related to the spleen, the spleen is: | overacting |
| Which assessment finding is typical in a patient with multiple myeloma (MM)? | Hypercalcemia |
| A patient has acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Which laboratory report should the nurse monitor closely in this patient? | Lymphocyte counts |
| A patient has a thrombosis. While reviewing the history, the nurse found the patient has atherosclerosis. To which component of the Virchow triad does the atherosclerosis correlate? | Endothelial injury |
| A patient has lymphoblastic lymphoma. Which organ is most affected? | Thymus |
| A patient has non-Hodgkins lymphoma (NHL). When the nurse is reviewing the history, which finding is a risk factor for NHL? | Organ transplant 2 years ago |
| When a nurse observes a platelet count of 9,000/mm^3, which condition must the nurse monitor for in this patient? | Spontaneous bleeding |
| An elderly patient asks the nurse what causes aortic stenosis later in life. How should the nurse respond? Aortic stenosis usually results from: | degeneration and calcification of the valve. |
| Which statement indicates that the nurse needs more teaching about complications of sustained hypertension? One complication of sustained hypertension is | anemia |
| A patient has atherosclerosis. Which factor associated with endothelial injury will the nurse observe written in the history? | Autoimmunity |
| A nurse is asked what causes Prinzmetal angina. How should the nurse respond? Prinzmetal angina is caused by: | vasopspasm |
| While reading the history, the nurse notices that the patient has stenosis of a heart valve. How does the nurse interpret this finding? The valve: | is constricted and narrowed. |
| Which of the following guidelines from the Seventh Joint National Committee Report (JNC VII) should the nurse use to determine normal blood pressure in a patient? | Systolic pressure less than 120 mm Hg and diastolic pressure less than 80 mm Hg |
| If a patient has secondary hypertension, the nurse realizes that the patient has an abnormal blood pressure caused by: | an underlying disease |
| A nurse is teaching about obesity and adipokines. Which information should the nurse include? Obesity causes a decrease of: | adiponectin |
| A patient has orthostatic hypotension. Which activity will require close observation by the nurse? When the patient: | stands up |
| Mitogens, such as angiotensin II, and growth factors stimulate: | smooth muscle proliferation |
| A patient in an emergency room reports coughing up blood, night sweats, and recently "feeling tired all of the time." The patient is feverish. Which medical condition does the nurse suspect the patient is experiencing? | Tuberculosis |
| When conducting a physical assessment of a patient during an acute asthma episode, the nurse would expect to observe: | pulsus paradoxus. |
| A nurse is describing the pathophysiology of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Which information should the nurse include? All disorders associated with ARDS cause massive pulmonary: | inflammation |
| Underlying the pathophysiology of ARDS is a massive pulmonary: | inflammation |
| A patient has a decreased drive to breathe. Which condition should the nurse monitor for in this patient? | Hypercapnia |
| A patient asks the nurse what is most closely associated with the development of lung cancer? How should the nurse respond? | Cigarette smoking |
| A patient has well-ventilated alveoli, but the alveoli are not perfused because of a thrombus. Which term should the nurse use to describe this condition? | Alveolar dead space |
| A patient has pleuritic chest pain, shortness of breath, and hemoptysis. The primary care provider suspects a pulmonary embolus. Which laboratory test should the nurse check to help confirm this diagnosis? | D-dimer levels |
| Which of the following patients is at highest risk for developing a pulmonary embolism? | A 67-year-old male hospitalized with a deep vein thrombosis in the femoral vein. |
| Which of the following conditions should the nurse monitor for in a patient with hypoventilation? | Hypercapnia |
| A patient has heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). Which condition is a priority to assess? | Pulmonary embolism |
| Which symptoms should the nurse assess for in a patient with Hodgkin's lymphoma? | Night sweats, low grade fevers, and weight loss |
| A patient asks the nurse about the best treatment for multiple myeloma? How should the nurse respond? | Chemotherapy |
| A patient has infectious mononucleosis, which immune cells are most affected? | B lymphocytes |
| Which laboratory result will be elevated in a patient with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)? | Fibrin degradation products |
| A nurse is asked why myocardial ischemia is usually reversible within 20 minutes. What is the nurse's best response? | Anaerobic metabolism maintains cellular integrity for approximately 20 minutes. |
| If a patient's history indicates that the cardiac valve disease is autosomal dominant, which diagnosis will the nurse observe written in the chart? | Mitral valve prolapse |
| A nurse is describing insulin resistance in relation to hypertension. Which information should the nurse include? Insulin resistance is associated with overactivity of the sympathetic nervous system and the: | renin-angiotensin aldosterone system |
| A patient's coronary blood flow is insufficient to meet the metabolic demands of the myocytes. which term will the nurse use to describe this process? | Myocardial ischemia |
| The nurse recalls risk factors that are associated with atherosclerosis. These include primary hypertension and | advanced age. |
| A patient has a pneumothorax. Which action by the nurse is most important for this patient? | Monitoring the chest tube |
| A patient has dyspnea when lying down. What term should the nurse use to document this finding? | Orthopnea |
| Which assessment finding indicates that the patient is experiencing dyspnea? | Feeling short of breath |
| A patient has adenocarcinoma of the lungs. What type of cancer does this patient have? | A tumor arising from the lung glands. |
| A patient has recently developed chronic bronchitis. Which assessment finding is typical for this patient? | Productive cough |
| A nurse recalls that a high ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) ratio can be caused by: | obstruction to pulmonary blood flow. |
Created by:
Brandi Sizemore
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