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krodriguezScience2
Topic 2 Vocabulary
Term | Definition |
---|---|
solid | have a definite shape and definite volume |
liquid | have no definite shape but they have a definite volume |
surface tension | the inward force among molecules in a liquid that brings the molecules on the surface closer together |
viscosity | resistance to flowing |
gas | neither a definite shape nor volume (particles do not remain in contact with each other) |
thermal energy | the total kinetic (energy of motion) and potential energy (stored energy) in an object or substance |
temperature | a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance or object |
melting point | melting that occurs at a specific temperature |
freezing point | the temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a solid |
vaporization | the change in state from a liquid to a gas |
boiling point | the temperature at which a liquid boils |
evaporation | vaporization that takes place only on the surface of a liquid |
condensation | the change in state from a gas to a liquid (opposite of vaporization) |
sublimation | the surface particles of a solid gain enough energy that they form a gas, not passing through the liquid state |
pressure | the force pushing on a surface divided by the area of that surface |
Charles's Law | a principle that describes the relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas at constant pressure (directly proportional) |
Boyle's Law | a principle that describes the relationship between the pressure and volume of a gas at constant pressure (inversely related) |