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Psych Exam 1, Part 1
Module 1: Foundations of Psych
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Psychology | The scientific study of the mind and behavior |
| Introspection | The examination of mental processes |
| Structuralism | Theory that the structure of consciousness can be understood by basic elements like reactions, thoughts, and sensations |
| Functionalism | How mental activities help an organism adapt to it's environment |
| Psychoanalysis | The study of beyond or below consciousness, such as urges, instincts, drives, and past experiences |
| Id | Raw drives, sexuality, violence. Think of it as the "devil" on your shoulder |
| Ego | Rationality, normal every day mind. Think of it as the "head" between the two shoulders. |
| Superego | Social roles and expectations. Think of it as the "angel" on your shoulder. |
| Gestalt Theory | Wholeness when it comes to experiences |
| Behaviorism | The study of behavior. "The contents of consciousness are forever inaccessible to science, therefore we should just stop caring" |
| Humanism | The focus of goodness, resilience, and wisdom of humanity |
| Maslow's Hierarchy | A pyramid of needs. (bottom-top) Psychological needs, safety, love and belonging, esteem, and self actualization |
| Cognitism | "Internal mental states are real and can be studied, we can use objective science methods" |
| Multicultural Psychology | The study of how culture impacts behaviors |
| The 5 Domains of Psychology | Biological, cognitive, developmental, social/personality, and mental/physical health |
| The Scientific Method | Observation, hypothesis, test, analysis, conclusions |
| Theory | A highly developed idea that explains a phenomenon |
| Hypothesis | A precise estimate on what the outcome will be of an experiment |