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Chapter 45 Terms

TermDefinition
Anuria absence of urine
Bacteriuria bacteria in the urine
Casts microscopic forms created from protein in renal tubules
Catheterization the process of inserting a tube-like catheter through the urethra: typically performed to obtain uncontaminated urine directly from the bladder
Chain of custody form chronological documentation or paper trail showing the collection, transfer, receipt, analysis, storage, and disposal of a specimen or test sample
Clean-catch the process of collecting a urine specimen in a way to prevent contamination; generally collected midstream, after proper cleansing of the surrounding area
Crystals concentrated compounds in the urine that resemble tiny shards of glass
Cystitis inflammation of the bladder that usually occurs when bacteria infect the lower urinary tract.
Culture and sensitivity(C&S) A test performed to determine which particular bacteria are present and which antibiotics are effective against them.
Diuretic An agent that causes increased urine production.
Glomerulonephritis inflammation of the glomeruli in the kidneys from injury or illness; leads to impaired kidney function; also called glomerular disease
Glycosuria/Glucosuria The presence of glucose in the urine, typically seen in uncontrolled diabetes; also called glucosuria
Hematuria The presence of blood in urine, often because of infection and injury.
Ketones by-products of fat metabolism
Micturate to urinate
Micturition urination; passing of urine
Occult Hidden; often refers to microscopic amounts of blood that cannot be detected with the naked eye.
Oliguria The production of a small amount of urine (typically less than 400ml in 23 hours); may be life threatening
Parasites organisms that live, feed, and grow on or in other organisms
Polyuria excessive urination; typically more than 2,000ml in a 23-hour period
Proteinuria the presence of protein in the urine; may indicate kidney or cardiovascular disease
Pyuria the presence of pus in the urine, often because of infection.
Refractometer a device used to evaluate plasma protein and specific gravity in urine
Renal Threshold the point at which the concentration of a substance in the blood causes it to spillover for removal through urine
Sediment cells, debris, and other solids found in urine
Specific Gravity the density or concentration
Spermatozoa male reproductive cells; also called sperm
Supernatant Fluid remaining at the top of a centrifuged specimen
Suprapubic Specimen sterile urine specimen obtained by inserting a sterile needle into the patient’s bladder through the abdominal wall just above the public bone
Turbid cloudy from suspended particles
Urinalysis The testing and evaluation of urine
Urine The resulting waste product, temporarily stored in the bladder until it can be excreted through micturition
Void To urinate; to pass urine
Created by: jeiby_garcia
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