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HBS Set #6

HBS Set #6- Vocabulary about the endocrine and immune systems

TermDefinition
Endocrine system Creates chemicals called hormones that regulate MANY things in the human body.
Hormones A chemical produced by the endocrine system that helps regulate body functions such as GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT, and OTHER BODY FUNCTIONS
Glands An organ that produces hormones.
Hypothalamus A gland in the brain that releases hormones that controls water balance, sleep, temperature, appetite, mood, and blood pressure.
Thyroid A gland in the throat that controls the body's metabolism.
Pancreas An organ in the abdominal region that makes hormones for digestion (insulin that breaks down blood sugar).
Adrenal glands A pair of glands located on your kidneys that works with other endocrine glands to control stress, and to release adrenaline.
Testes/Ovaries The male and female gonads that release a number of hormones involved in development and puberty. They also produce gametes.
Homeostasis Balanced conditions inside the body.
Dynamic equilibrium Another term for homeostasis-- means "changing to stay the same"
Absorption When your body pulls something into the cells
Secretion/Secrete When your body releases something from the cells
“Hypo-” A prefix meaning "below" or "under"
“Hyper-” A prefix meaning "above" or "more"
Immune system Protects the body from foreign pathogens. Helps repair injuries or illnesses.
White blood cells The main cells of the immune system. The use chemicals to destroy pathogens.
Spleen An organ in your abdomen which filters dead cells out of your blood.
Tonsils An organ in your throat that helps fight pathogens that you breathe in through your mouth or nose.
Bone Marrow Found on the inside of bones. Makes white blood cells (as well as red blood cells and platelets).
Pathogen Anything that can make you sick. Also called germs or microbes.
Contagious / Infectious A disease that can spread from one organism to another.
Antibody A protein that helps find and destroy pathogens in the body. These stay in your body even after you are healthy again, helping prevent you from getting sick from the same disease a second time (immunity)
Allergy When the body launches an immune response against something that is not harmful or dangerous.
Epi-Pen A tool containing medicine called epinephrine, which can help someone having a severe allergic reaction.
Immunity Once your body makes antibodies against a specific pathogen, you keep those antibodies forever. This makes it so your body can fight the pathogen off better if it tries to make you sick again.
Vaccine Uses fake pathogens to trick your body into making antibodies without actually getting sick.
Herd Immunity If enough people in a population CAN'T get a disease, then it can't spread fast enough to survive. This can protect people who have compromised immune systems, and leads to pathogens going extinct.
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