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CNHP
Chapter 11
question/term | answer/definition |
---|---|
digestive system= | GI (gastrointestinal) system |
the GI system includes | the digestive tract and associated structures |
functions of the GI system | digestion, absorption, excretion |
digestion | the process of breaking down food by chewing, swallowing, and mixing in digestive juices to convert some of the food into absorbable molecules |
absorption | the passage of digested food molecules through the walls of the intestines and into the bloodstream to be carried to cells of the body |
excretion | the elimination of non absorbable nutrients and wastes from the body |
abdomin/o , celi/o, lapar/o | abdomen |
an/o | anus |
appendic/o | appendix |
bil/i, chol/e | bile |
bucc/o | cheek |
cheil/o | lip |
col/o, colon/o | colon |
cyst/o | bladder or sac |
dent/i | teeth |
doch/o | duct |
duoden/o | duodenum |
enter/o | small intestine |
gingiv/o | gum |
gloss/o, lingu/o | tongue |
hepat/o, hepatic/o | liver |
herni/o | hernia |
ile/o | ileum |
inguin/o | groin |
jejun/o | jejunum (empty) |
lith/o | stone |
or/o, stomat/o | mouth |
phag/o | eat or swallow |
proct/o | anus and rectum |
pylor/o | pylorus (gatekeeper) |
sial/o | saliva |
sigmoid/o | sigmoid colon (resembles) |
steat/o | fat |
-emesis | vomiting |
number of anatomical divisions | 9 |
number of general clinical divisions | 4 |
4 general divisions | RUQ, RLQ, LUQ, LLQ |
9 anatomical divisions | right and left: hypochondriac, lumbar, inguinal middle: epigastric, umbilical, hypogastric |
common hernias | hiatal and inguinal |
C&S | culture and sensitivity |
EGD | esophagogastroduodenoscopy |
ERCP | endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography |
EUS | endoscopic ultrasonography |
HAV | hep A virus |
HCV | hep C virus |
LES | lower esophageal sphincter |
NG | nasogastric |
PUD | peptic ulcer disease |