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Retractors

Surgery I

QuestionAnswer
4 major categories of surgical instruments Cutting and Dissecting, Clamping and Grasping, Retracting, and Suctioning
How are instruments selected according to pt size, surgical procedure, and knowledge of anatomy
Name / describe 6 major parts of a surgical instrument Points (tips); Jaws (hold tissue tightly); Box Lock (hinged joint); Shank (btw box lock & Finger Rings); Ratchets (interlock to keep instrument locked when instrument is closed)
2 surgical instruments subgroups used for retraction Hand-held; self-retaining
Hand held retraction instruments Vein; Skin Rake; Army Navy; Appendiceal; Richardson; Deaver; Malleable (Ribbon)
Describe hand held retraction instrument blade usually at rt angle to shaft and the blades may be smooth, raked, or hooked; handles may be hooked, notched, or ring-shaped to give holder a firm grip without tiring
Vein retractor = smooth small blade which retracts tissue without puncturing it (i.e. vessels).
Skin Rake retractor = toothed retractor used to grasp and pull back tissue such as skin.
Army Navy retractor = double-ended retractor.
Appendiceal retractor = short right angled blade, used on abdominal cases.
Richardson retractor = abdominal retractor varying in blade size.
Deaver retractor = curved abdominal retractor varying in blade width.
Malleable (Ribbon) retractor = bendable and may be shaped by the surgeon at the operative site
Describe Self-retaining retraction instrument either 2 blades held apart by a ratchet or by frames to which various blades may be attached, where one side acts as an anchor and pressure is exerted on the other side
Self-retaining retraction instruments Weitlaner (Self-Retaining Thyroid; Balfour
Weitlaner (Self-Retaining Thyroid) retractor = ratchet style, used for superficial use.
Balfour retractor = abdominal retractor to which a bladder blade may be added
Created by: Abarnard
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