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Week 3
Ethics and Critical Evaluation in Psychology - Psychology 1A
Question | Answer |
---|---|
APS Code of Ethics | - sets out a series of principles of ethics and professional practice in psychology - three main principles: respect for the rights and dignity of people and peoples; propriety; integrity |
National Health and Medical Research Council Guidelines | - merit - integrity - justice - beneficence - respect |
Informed consent | a participant's ability to participate in a study in an informed manner |
Confidentiality | the act of keeping information gained while engaging in psychological research safeguarded so that it remains confidential |
Deception | the deliberate act of not revealing the true purpose of an experiment before the study commences |
Replicability | an experiment or study is replicable if it can produce the same results when repeated |
'Crisis of Replicability' | refers to the difficulties researchers have found in replicating results of earlier research |
Critical thinking | involves carefully examining and analysing information to judge its value as well as considering other views and explanations before accepting the truthfulness of that information |
Key principles of critical thinking | scepticism, objectivity, open-mindedness |
Scepticism | not accepting an assertion as truth until you have examined the evidence |
Objectivity | involves making an impartial judgement about something |
Open-mindedness | considering all sides of an issue, including any alternative explanations that differ from your personal point of view |
Straw man approach | a fallacy in argument based on attacking an opposing argument for the purpose of strengthening one's own argument |
Appeals to popularity | the fallacy that a popular or widely believed argument is true |
Appeals to authority | the fallacy that an argument must be true because of the authority or reputation of the person making it |
Arguments directed to the person | the fallacy in argument based on attacking the authors of alternative arguments |