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ANSC 1000 Exam 2

Question	Answer
In which type of sheep operation are sheep least likely to experience foot rot?	range flocks
what is a reasonable lamb crop for a well managed range flock	125%
As explained in class, which of the following is most likely to kill the largest number of sheep in the shortest period of time?	Dogs
In range flocks, where are the ewes most likely to be located during the shearing season?	Winter Headquarters (ELECTRICITY!!)
How does the feed efficiency (as measured by the feed-to-grain ratio of sheep in a feedlot compare to that of beef cattle in a feed lot?	sheep and beef cattle are nearly equal in efficiency
In the goat industry, what does chevon refer to?	Goat MEAT
the most common form of permanently identifying individual swine in the U.S. is:	Tissue Notches
In the swine industry, the underline refers to:	Number of teats on Belly
Which of the following is most likely to be the parents of a modern market hog in the US?	YORKSHIRE dam and a DUROC sire
"Shoat" is an older term for?	Feeder Pig
As used in livestock management, not considering embryo transfer, what does the word flushing mean?	flushing means to increase the amount of energy in the feed to increase the ovulation rate in animals so they will be more prone to conceiving multiple offspring or having a larger litter size
What does the word gregarious mean	to have a flocking instinct, such animals like to be together and stay in a group
What is the term for giving birth in swine?	farrowing, or to farrow
What is the Latin adjective for goat?	Caprine
Lysine is said to be a limiting amino acid in swine diets. What does this mean?	It means that it hinders protein production Also they are unable to utilize it if there is too much in their system
Pig Species	Swine
Latin Adjective for Pig	Porcine
Latin Adjective for Sheep	Ovine
Genus Species for Swine	Sus scrofa
Male name for Pig	Boat
Name for immature female pig	Gilt
Name for Mature female pig	Sow
Name for castrated male pig	barrow
Act of parturition in goats	kidding
baby goat	kid
male goat	buck
female	doe
Genus species of goats	Capra hircus
Castrated goat	wether
Boer Goat	imported from south africa to add meat poundage to goats
Enterotoaemia	overeating disease, happens when you quickly change the diet of a sheep. leads to polyarthritus, they fall over and can't get up
Foot rot	major problem for sheep in farm flocks, hoof grows over trapping dirt and bacteria leading to infections of the soft tissue
White Muscle Disease	selenium deficiency in sheep
Pregnancy Ketosis	excess of ketone bodies, low blood sugar which fat is quickly mobilized.
Sheep age at puberty	6 or 10 months
Lambing interval Range Flock	12 months seasonal
Lambing Interval Farm Flock	8 months (3 lambings every 2 years, out of season)
Birth weight of lambs	single: 10-12 pounds twins: 7-9 pounds
Standardized weaning age of sheep	90 days
Market weight of sheep	120 pounds
A "downer" animal is most likely suffering from?	calcium deficiency
on a sheep farm, a jug is usually referred to as?	a pen for lambing
what is the expected ADG for sheep fed concentrated feed?	0.6-0.7 pounds per day
If you process a 160 pound lamb, how much would you expect the carcass to weigh?	80 pounds
As presented in class, which is done to a pregnant sow 2 weeks before farrowing?	de-worm pregnant females
Which is the current trend weight for finished market hogs?	260 pounds
Which type of swine industry is most prevalent in Alabama	feeder pig finisher
What is a realistic litter size for pigs?	9+
What is the dressing percentage of hogs?	70-72%
So-called "hot blooded" horses were developed primarily in:	Asia
The first evidence of horses in North America is of prehistoric horses that cross the Bearing Strait but died before man arrived on this continent TRUE OR FALSE?	TRUE
Which of the following is predominantly a women's equestrian event	Barrel racing
As presented in class, which of the following focuses on the horse's conformation and breed characteristics?	Halter
As presented in class, which of the following is NOT in the top five states for number of horses?	Kentucky
Based on registration numbers, which is the most popular breed of horse in the US	American Quarter Horse
Using terms from class, which of the following is LEAST likely to result in a horse hurting itself	winging out
The horse gait "canter" would be classified as	3-beat gait
In round numbers, what is generally considered the length of gestation in a mare?	11 months
Horse producers are more like sheep producers than cattle producers in that they hope to have a "foal crop" higher than 100% TRUE OR FALSE	FALSE
"Teasing" is a term associated with:	Checking estrus on a mare AND Enhancing sperm harvest from a stallion
if a horse was advertised as smooth mouthed, what's the youngest you would expect it to be?	10 years of age
Among pleasure riding horse breeds, at approximately what age are the young normally weaned?	4-6 months of age
Approximately 75% of all horses in the world are in China, TRUE OR FALSE?	FALSE
from which type of sheep operation would it be more likely that the lambs would be heavy enough to go to the processing plant immediately after weaning?	Farm Flock
On a sheep farm, the term "jug" usually refers to	a pen for lambing
as explained in class, a "downer" animal is most likely suffering from:	Low blood calcium
What is the expected ADG for lambs fed only concentrated feeds (like grain pellets)?	0.6 - 0.7 lb/day
if you processed a large 160 pound lamb, what would you expect the resulting carcass to weigh?	80 pounds
As used in class, the word "rut" is associated with:	A breeding male
Since male pigs don't lactate, the number of teats on a male pig is totally irrelevant, TRUE OR FALSE?	FALSE
Which country leads the world in swine production?	China
Swine producers monitor gilts closely to determine onset of puberty so they can breed them at their first estrus to get them pregnant early to start making baby pigs soon, TRUE OR FALSE?	FALSE
As presented in class, which of the following is done about 2 weeks before a female pig is due to give birth an be moved into the farrowing barn?	De-worm pregnant females
Which of the following is true?	baby pigs have little body fat and need a heat source warmer than the sow to be comfortable
Why is the tail docked on most baby pigs?	to reduce the likelihood of infections
What body system is primarily affected by "shipping fever"?	respiratory system
Soybeans are primarily considered a good dietary source of:	Protein
The "traditional" market hog was finished at 220 pounds. As presented in class, which of the following is within the range of the current trend for average weight of a finished market hog?	260 pounds, THEY ARE HEAVIER NOW
What type of swine operation is most prevalent in Alabama?	Feeder pig finisher
As presented in class, what is the common realistic goal for the number of pigs weaned from each little a sow gives birth to?	9+
How does the feed efficiency of a growing pig on a high grain diet compare to that of a beef animal or lamb?	growing pigs are MORE efficient
What is the expected dressing percentage of hogs?	70-72%
As presented in class, fluid milk is not usually marketed internationally because?	it's expensive to ship mostly water
About when did the invention of the milking machine and rural electrification really boost the dairy industry in the US?	1930's
In the dairy industry, the term "persistency" refers to :	Decline in milk produced over time
During a year in a dairy cow's life, the time when she is most likely to experience a "negative energy balance" occurs at the time when she reproductivley is:	Being bred for her next pregnancy
As explained in class, "grouping" dairy cows refers to	Sorting them by nutritional needs
As shown in class, a typical diet for a lactating dairy cow is composed mostly of:	Corn silage
Dairy cows that are "dry" and about to calve agin should have a diet high in calcium to make sure they have plenty to put in their milk as soon as they calve, TRUE OR FALSE?	FALSE
What is the proper term for a mature, intact male swine?	Boar
What is the proper term for a young female goat?	Doe
What do we call the type of swine breeding program where an individual male is bred to one specific female?	Hand Breeding
What term describes the highest per day volume of milk produced from a dairy cow during a lactation?	Peak
What is the common general term for a tummy ache in horses?	colic
In the dairy industry, what does PMO stand for?	Pasteurized Milk Ordinance
What is the standardized weaning age for lambs?	90 days
What is usually done to a newborn to prevent "navel ill"	the naval is cut and treated with iodine to prevent it from becoming infected
As presented in class, using proper terms, whats the difference between a stallion and a stud?	Stud: the breeding facility for male horses. it is sometimes used as a slang term to describe a male horse Stallion: a male horse that is reproductivley intact and used for breeding
What does "foal heat" refer to?	right after a mare gives birth (1-2 weeks after) she is back in estrus. The mare may be in heat but her body may not be ready for another pregnancy.
Latin adjective for horses	Equine
Group of horses	Herd or Band
Genus Species of Horses	Equus Caballus
Parturition in Horses	Foaling
General term for young horse	Foal
Young male horse	colt
Young female horse	filly
Mature Male Horse	Stallion
Mature Female Horse	Mare
Castrated Male Horse	Gelding
Asian Horses	selected for riding speed and endurance. Anscestors of current "hot blooded" breeds
European and British Horses	Selected for work strength. Anscestors of currecnt "cold blooded" horses
World Horse Numbers	1. China 2. Mexico 3. Brazil 4. US
Pleasure Horses	o Trail riding o Competition pleasure o Western Pleasure o English Pleasure o Horses judged at various gaits
Working Horses	o Ranch horses o Roping and tending to sick cattle o Round ups o Cattle drives o Related rodeo events o Based on ability, not looks • Barrel Racing:
Barrel Racing	o Timed spurt-speed and tight-turning event o Cloverleaf pattern around 3 barrels o Predominantly a women’s sport
Cutting	o Rider selects calf to separate from herd o Calf nautrally want to rejoin herd o Horse uses its own “cow sense” to keep animal separated
Reining	o Present pattern includes: o Spins, fast and slow canter circles, stops and sliding o Like a western version of dressage o Horse judged on ability, precision and attention to rider
Flat Racing	o Horse runs at top speed around a dirt or grass track o From a few hundred yards to several miles • Example: Kentucky Derby o Pari-mutuel betting
Harness Racing	o Horse pulls a small cart, or “sulky” around track o Pace, trot o Speeds up to 40mph o Penalty for breaking gait
Halter	o Horse judged on conformation and breed characteristics o Age and sex classes
English Riding	o Also called “saddleseat” o Generally gaited horses with high knee action o Chair seat, flashy outfits • Simulates plantation owners out overseeing their estate
Dressage	o Originated as method of training horses o Predetermined pattern o Increasing complexity o Scored on gaits, obedience of horse, skill of rider, etc.
Hunt-seat	o Style of riding that involves “forward seat” o Simulates fox hunting o On the flat o Over fences
Show Jumping	o Extreme of hunters o Judged on accuracy and speed o Jumps include: water jumps o Walls, verticals o Gates
Eventing	o Tests skills and stamina of both horse and rider o Three days, combines: • Dressage • Roads and tracks, steeplechase, cross-country • Show jumping
Leading US States with Horses	1. Texas 2. California 3. Florida 4. Oklahoma 5. Illinois
Horse Breed Rankings	1. American Quarter Horse 2. Paint 3. Thoroughbred
Winging In	on forward motion, front feet swing to middle. COuld hit other front leg, interference
Winging Out	On forward motion, front feed swing out. Viewed from the front looks like a dog paddling
Forging	on diagonal gaits when the rear hoof strikes the back of the front foot on the opposite side
Cross-Firing	on lateral gaits when the rear hood strikes the back of the front foot on the opposite side
Horse Puberty	Light Horses: 12-18 months Draft Horses: 18-24 months
Estrus in Horses	duration: 5-7 days Cycle: 21 days
Horse Pregnancy	11 months, no post partum after birth, can be immediatley bred back
World Milk Production Rankings	1. EU 2. US 3. India 4. China 5. Russia
Top States, Number of Dairy Cows	1. California 2. Wisconsin 3. New York 4. Pennsylvania 5. Idaho
Dairy Boom	1930's milking process from hand to machine
TMR	total mixed ration
Two-year olds	• Heifers first calve at two years of age • Only 75-85% of mature body size and strength • Still growing, need extra feed for growth • Get pushed away from feed by bigger cows • Usually group separately to optimize growth and production

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