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Skeletal Trauma Voc

Chapleau Ch. 24 Vocab

QuestionAnswer
Eponymns The naming of conditions and diseases for the physician or scientist who first discovred or classified them.
Axial Skeleton Forms the central axis of the body and includes the skull, vertebral column, and bony thorax.
Appendicular Skeleton Includes the paired long bones of the body.
Osteoblasts Cells that form bone.
Osteocytes imprisoned within the mineralized matrix of the bone.
Osteoclasts Cells that reabsorb bone for the purpose of growth and repair.
Cortical bone Compact bone
Cancellous bone Spongy bone
Periosteum A thickened layer of connective tissue
Physis distal end of bones.
Epiphysis The portion of bone just beyond the growth plate.
Diaphysis located between the epiphysis.
Inflammatory Response The phase in healing that creates an environment for the repair to begin
Reparative phase The phase in fracture healing when granulation tissue begins to infiltrate the area, forms callus, and stabilizes fractured bone ends.
Remodeling The phase in fracture healing when the bone tends to return to its normal shape and contours; the callus is reabsorbed and replaced by new bone laid down following the original lines of stress of the bone.
Skelatal muscles Major muscles associated with the musculoskeletal system; they are made up of striated, cylinder shaped cells, and can be controlled by choice (voluntary).
Tendons Bands of connective tissue that bind muscles to bones.
Cartliage The connective tissue that covers the epiphysis of joints and allows bones to attach to other bones.
Ligaments Bands of connective tissue that support joints by attaching bone to bone.
Sprain The damage that occurs as joints are stretched and ligaments are damaged.
Strain Injury to the tendons of muscles.
Fibrous joints Joints that are made of dense connective tissue that provide stability and permit only very slight movement
Cartilaginous joints Joints that play a role early in life promoting growth and later become immobile.
Synovial Joints Joints that are fluid filled to lubricate the articulations.
Luxation Complete dislocation of a joint.
Subluxation Partial or incomplete dislocation of a joint; can result in damage and instability of the joint.
Neurovascular bundle refers to the association of nerves and blood vessels in close proximity to one another.
Reduction The movement of misaligned bone ends or a displaced joint to restore proper alignment.
Open Fracture Any soft tissue wound adjacent to a suspected fracture
Closed Fracture A break in a bone that is not associated with an over lying skin wound tissue.
Incomplete Fracture fracture that involves only one side of the bone.
Complete Fracture A fracture that involves all of the layers of a bone.
Displaced fracture a fracture where there is movement of the two bone fragments away from one another.
Nondisplaced fracture a fracture where a break through the bone results in the two fragments remaining in alignment with one another.
Comminuted fracture a fracture that involves several breaks in a bone.
Pathological fracture a fracture that occurs through diseased bone due to an inherent underlying weakness.
Stress fracture Break in a bone caused by repetitive, long term, or abnormal stress, usually occurs in the foot, common in athletes and soldiers.
Epiphyseal plate fracture A fracture near, or through, the epiphyseal plate that can result in alternations to growth of the bone.
Nightstick fracture A linear fracture resulting in two segments, often as a result of being struck on the arm with a stick.
Crush fracture a comminuted or transverse fracture associated with extensive soft tissue injurty that usually results in significant morbidity.
Torus fracture a fracture characterized by a buckling of one side of the cortex, usually in the metaphyseal region, and most often result from compressive forces.
Greenstick fracture a fracture resulting from an angular force applied to a long bone that causes a break in the convex side of the cortex and a bowing of the concave side of the cortex; it may result in a bent deformity of the exremity.
Spiral fracture a break in a bone that is caused by a rotational force or twisting motion.
Oblique fracture Fractures of bones that occur at a slanting angle.
Fat embolism syndrome fat globules that are released into the blood when a long bone is fractured.
Compartment syndrome Syndome that is caused by increased pressure in an enclosed space that leads to compromise of circulation and function of tissues within the space.
Destot's sign a superficial hematoma of the scrotum or perineum.
Hemarthrosis blood that accumulates in a joint.
Created by: hoylandhr
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