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Biopsychology

TermDefinition
Biological Psychology A branch of psychology concerned with the links between biology and behavior
Neuron a nerve cell; the basic building block of the nervous system
Corpus Callosum Connects the left & right hemispheres. Allows information to pass between the left and right hemispheres.
Occipital Lobe the lobe of the cerebral cortex located at the back of the brain; primary visual cortex
Cerebral Cortex the thin layer of neurons covering the outer surface of the cerebral hemispheres; responsible for abstract critical thinking, the bodies ultimate control and information processing center.
Autonomic Nervous System the part of the peripheral nervous system that controls the glands and the muscles of the internal organs (such as the heart). Its sympathetic division arouses; its parasympathetic division calms.
Sensory Neuron neuron that carries incoming information from the sensory receptors to the central nervous system
Nervous System the body's speedy, electrochemical communication network, consisting of all the nerve cells of the peripheral and central nervous systems
Neurotransmitters neuron-produced chemicals that cross synapses to carry messages to other neurons or cells
Temporal Lobe the lobe of the cerebral cortex that curves around the side of each hemisphere; location of the primary auditory cortex
Amygdala A limbic system structure involved in memory and emotion, particularly fear and aggression.
Reticular Activating System (RAS) Mid-Brain; Plays important role in sleep and arousal.
Medulla Hindbrain; the base of the brainstem; controls heartbeat and breathing (vital functions).
Brainstem the oldest part and central core of the brain, beginning where the spinal cord swells as it enters the skull; the brainstem is responsible for automatic survival functions
Pituitary Gland The master gland. Controls other glands and regulates growth.
Endocrine System the body's "slow" chemical communication system; a set of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream
Motor Neuron neurons that carry outgoing information from the brain and spinal cord to the muscles and glands
Central Nervous System (CNS) consists of the brain and spinal cord
all-or-none response a neuron's reaction of either firing or not firing
Threshold The threshold is the minimum amount of stimulus a neuron needs to respond.
Frontal Lobe Lobe of the cerebral cortex lying just behind the forehead; involved in speaking, personality formation, and in making plans and judgements
Hippocampus A neural center located in the limbic system that helps process explicit memories for storage.
Limbic System Forebrain; Contains the hippocampus and amygdala, associated with emotions and drives
Thalamus Forebrain; area at the top of the brainstem; directs sensory messages to the cortex.
Hormones chemical messengers that are manufactured by the endocrine glands, travel through the bloodstream, and affect other tissues
Somatic Nervous System the division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body's skeletal muscles
Paripheral Nervous System the sensory and motor neurons connecting the central nervous system to the rest of the body.
Synapse the junction between the axon tip of the sending neuron and the dendrite or cell body of the receiving neuron
Action Potential a neural impulse; a brief electrical charge that travels down an axon
Dendrites Branchlike parts of a neuron that are specialized to receive information.
Parietal Lobe Lobe of the cerebral cortex lying at the top of the head; receives sensory input for touch and body position.
Axon A threadlike extension of a neuron that carries nerve impulses away from the cell body.
Created by: GhostboyKas
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