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Biopsychology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Biological Psychology | A branch of psychology concerned with the links between biology and behavior |
| Neuron | a nerve cell; the basic building block of the nervous system |
| Corpus Callosum | Connects the left & right hemispheres. Allows information to pass between the left and right hemispheres. |
| Occipital Lobe | the lobe of the cerebral cortex located at the back of the brain; primary visual cortex |
| Cerebral Cortex | the thin layer of neurons covering the outer surface of the cerebral hemispheres; responsible for abstract critical thinking, the bodies ultimate control and information processing center. |
| Autonomic Nervous System | the part of the peripheral nervous system that controls the glands and the muscles of the internal organs (such as the heart). Its sympathetic division arouses; its parasympathetic division calms. |
| Sensory Neuron | neuron that carries incoming information from the sensory receptors to the central nervous system |
| Nervous System | the body's speedy, electrochemical communication network, consisting of all the nerve cells of the peripheral and central nervous systems |
| Neurotransmitters | neuron-produced chemicals that cross synapses to carry messages to other neurons or cells |
| Temporal Lobe | the lobe of the cerebral cortex that curves around the side of each hemisphere; location of the primary auditory cortex |
| Amygdala | A limbic system structure involved in memory and emotion, particularly fear and aggression. |
| Reticular Activating System (RAS) | Mid-Brain; Plays important role in sleep and arousal. |
| Medulla | Hindbrain; the base of the brainstem; controls heartbeat and breathing (vital functions). |
| Brainstem | the oldest part and central core of the brain, beginning where the spinal cord swells as it enters the skull; the brainstem is responsible for automatic survival functions |
| Pituitary Gland | The master gland. Controls other glands and regulates growth. |
| Endocrine System | the body's "slow" chemical communication system; a set of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream |
| Motor Neuron | neurons that carry outgoing information from the brain and spinal cord to the muscles and glands |
| Central Nervous System (CNS) | consists of the brain and spinal cord |
| all-or-none response | a neuron's reaction of either firing or not firing |
| Threshold | The threshold is the minimum amount of stimulus a neuron needs to respond. |
| Frontal Lobe | Lobe of the cerebral cortex lying just behind the forehead; involved in speaking, personality formation, and in making plans and judgements |
| Hippocampus | A neural center located in the limbic system that helps process explicit memories for storage. |
| Limbic System | Forebrain; Contains the hippocampus and amygdala, associated with emotions and drives |
| Thalamus | Forebrain; area at the top of the brainstem; directs sensory messages to the cortex. |
| Hormones | chemical messengers that are manufactured by the endocrine glands, travel through the bloodstream, and affect other tissues |
| Somatic Nervous System | the division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body's skeletal muscles |
| Paripheral Nervous System | the sensory and motor neurons connecting the central nervous system to the rest of the body. |
| Synapse | the junction between the axon tip of the sending neuron and the dendrite or cell body of the receiving neuron |
| Action Potential | a neural impulse; a brief electrical charge that travels down an axon |
| Dendrites | Branchlike parts of a neuron that are specialized to receive information. |
| Parietal Lobe | Lobe of the cerebral cortex lying at the top of the head; receives sensory input for touch and body position. |
| Axon | A threadlike extension of a neuron that carries nerve impulses away from the cell body. |
Created by:
GhostboyKas
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