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Medical Terminology
Chapter 7: Endocrine System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1. gluc/o | glucose |
| 2. ket/o | ketone bodies |
| 3. pancreat/o | pancreas |
| 4. thym/o | thymus gland |
| 5. thyr/o | thyroid gland |
| 6. Adrenal glands | located on the superior surface of each kidney; the outer adrenal cortex secretes steroid hormones, and the inner adrenal medulla secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine; also called suprarenal glands |
| 7. steroid hormones | hormones secretes by the adrenal cotex |
| 8. glucocorticoids | hormones that regulate carbohydrate metabolism and have anti-inflammatory effects; cortisol is the most significant glucocorticoid |
| 9. mineralocorticoid | hormones that mainatain salf and water balance |
| 10. estrogen | hormone that is responsible for the development of female secondady sex characteristics |
| 11. pineal | located in the center of the brain; secretes melatonin and serotonin |
| 12. adenohypophysis | anterior lobe of the oituatry gland; also called anterior pituitary |
| 13. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) | hormone that inititating the growth of ovarian follicle; stimulates the secretions of estrogen in females and production of sperm in males |
| 14. neurohypophysis | posterior lobe of the pituitary gland; also known as posterior gland |
| 15. vasopressin | hormone released by the posterior pituitary that influences the absorption of water by kidney tubules; also known as antidiuretic hormone (ADH) |
| 16. oxytocin | hormone released by the posterior pituitary that influences uterine contraction |
| 17. hypophysectomy | removal of the pituitary gland |
| 18.pancreatectomy | removal of the pancreas |
| 19. radioiodine therapy | use of radioactive iodine to treat disease, such s to eradicate thyroid tumor cells; treatment is administered in a nuclear medicine facility |
| 20. antidiabetic drug | any of several agents used to control blood glucose levels in treatment of diabetes mellitus |
| 21. antithyroid drug | an agent that blocks the production of thyroid hormones; used to treat hyperthyroidism |
| 22. polydipsia | excessive thrist |
| 23. acromegaly | disease characterized by enlarged features, especially of the face and hands, caused by hypersecretion of the pituitary growth hormone after puberty, |
| 24. Gigantism | a condition produced by hypersecretion of growth hormone during childgood development that leads to an abnormal over growth of bone. |
| 25.Graves disease | the most common form of hyperthyroidism; caused by an autoimmune defect that creates antibodies that stimulate the over production of thyroid hormone. |
| 26. myxedema | advanced hypothyroidism in adults characterized by sluggishness , slow pulse, puffiness in the hands and face, and dry skin |
| 27. Computed tomography (CT) | CT of the head is used to obtain transverse view of the pituitary gland |
| 28. pancreatitis | inflammation of the pancreas |
| 29. type 2 diabetes | diabetes caused by either a lack of insulin or the body's inability to use insulin efficiently |
| 30. hyperinsulinism | a condition resulting from an excessive amount of insulin in the blood that draws sugar out of bloodstream, resulting in hypoglycemia , fainting, and convulsions; often caused by an overdose of insulin or by a tumor of the pancreas |
Created by:
Mutoni
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