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BOC studying 14
Evidence based Practice
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The PICOT format can be used to construct a clinical question. The acronym "PICOT" stands for? | Patient population, Intervention of interest, Comparison intervention, or used of interest, Outcomes of interest, Time of interest |
| The following are considered "descriptive study designs" | Case reports case series tiem series cross sectional studies |
| The following are data bases commonly used by health care professionals | Google scholar conchrane database Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) |
| Controlled vocabulary searching utilizes which of the following? | Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) |
| The following is how data are classified | Nominal ordinal interval ratio |
| A variable that is measured by an investigator is known as: | A dependent variable |
| A statement made by an investigator indicating his or her expectations about the differences or relationships among variable being investigates is known as: | A research hypothesis |
| Data that are continuous and primarily cluster around a central value, such as the mean, is known as what? | Normal distribution |
| Researchers use a threshold value, known as _, to determine if the results of a study are significant. | Significance level |
| A Type 1 error is made during a research project when: | A researcher makes and incorrect decision to REJECT the Null Hypothesis when it is actually true |
| What type of participant sampling allows for every person in the population of interest to have an equal chance of being chosen? | Random sampling |
| A blinding process is put into place by a researcher to eliminate which of the following from a study? | Bias |
| Which of the following defines "Critical Appraisal"? | The process of carefully and systematically examining research to judge its trustworthiness as well as its value and relevance in a particular context |
| The variable that will be measured by the Boolean operator during a study is called | The use of "And, Or, Not" with keywords |
| An internal validity threat can include which of the following, jeopardizing a researchers ability to draw and accurate conclusion? | Treatments, procedures, or participant experience |
| Confidence intervals commonly range from _ to _ | 85% to 99% |
| The consistency of a specific measurement is known as: | Reliability |
| The validity of a clinical diagnostic test is measured through mathematical equations that compare it to what? | A reference or 'gold standard' finding |
| Which are the 2 most commonly utilized scales for examining evidence? | The Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine (CEBM) scale, and the Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy (SORT) |
| When there is a negative clinical diagnostic finding but a positive reference standard finding, the result is known as: | False negative finding |
| When there is a positive clinical diagnostic finding and a positive reference standard finding, the result is known as: | True positive finding |
| Percent accuracy of a clinical diagnostic test can be derived by what formula? | True positive finding + true negative finding + total number of patients x 100 |
| Prevalence is defined as | The number of cases of a condition existing in a given population at any one time |
| A feature in which a database will automatically attempt to match a keyword entered in the search box to a MeSH (medical subject heading) term that already exists is known as: | Mapping |
| When the subject of characteristic fits into only one category, it is known as being: | Mutually exclusive |
| Which of the following is a disablement model that utilizes a biopsychosocial perspective of disability? | NAGI Disablement Model |
| A letter rating system assigned to a body of evidence by examination of a group of articles relating to the same topic is known as | A grade of recommendation |
| The following is a commonly used response scale for a patient rated outcome (PRO) instrument | Short form 12 Disablement in the physically active scale pediatric quality of life inventory Patient reported outcomes measurement information system |
| An incidence rate (injury rate) can be defined by what equation? | Number of New injuries /(divided by) Total exposure Time |
| The midpoint in which 50% of the values fall on either side of the value is known as the: | Median |
| An "Alpha Value" which is a significance level assigned by the researcher to represent a threshold at which the results will be declared significant or not, is typically what? | 0.05 |
| What are the main types of clinical prediction rules used in health care? | Interventional, prognostic, and diagnostic |
| A 1- to 2-page summary that focuses on appraising a single research study to help determine if the reported results are valid, reliable, and clinically applicable is called what? | Critically appraised paper (CAP) |
| The Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire, the Modified Oswestry, and Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) are all considered what? | Specific patient-reported outcome instruments |
| An aggregate of legal medical records from multiple entitles (ie an AT, MD, Sports Psychologist, etc) is known as what? | Electronic health record (EHR) |
| The following are basic components of an electronic medical record (EMR) | Clinical documentation Data storage Clinical messaging between providers and patients results reporting for clinical tests |
| A level 1 validation of a Clinical Prediction Rule (CPR) study is described by what? | It can be used in a variety of settings with confidence that it improves outcomes |
| An 11 item scale that was developed by physiotherapists to rate the methodological quality of randomized controlled trials is known as a _ scale | PEDro scale |
| A Critically Appraised Topic (CAT) is an appraisal tool that is used to synthesize numerous research articles that review the same general topic of interest. Most CATs include the following sections: | Clinical scenario focused clinical question strength of recommendation summary of best evidence |
| What is the first step in the use of evidence base practice? | Developing an answerable clinical question |
| The '5 S' model of health care research evidence provides a strategy to search within an organized model of evidence based information. What are the 5 S's? | Systems, Summaries, Synopses, Syntheses, Studies |
| A systematic review in which the data from the included studies are pooled for additional analyses and a summary estimate of effect is known as a | Meta-analysis |
| The following are critical appraisal checklists | CONSORT STOBE STARTD PRIMSA |
| EBP in AT does all of the following | Ensures a scientific foundation for AT practice Improves critical thinking may elevate the AT profession in the medical community can lead to the development of best practice guidelines |
| Detailed searches of a body of literature may be assigned a Strength of Recommendation (SOR) represented by a grade depending on the quality, quantity, and consistency of the included studies. The following are accepted SOR grades | A, B, C, D |
| A collection of data on a single patient is known as: | Case report |
| Clinical questions can be categorized into what types of questions? | Background and foreground |
| Foreground questions are developed by using the _ Format: | PICOT format |
| A variable that is manipulated by a researcher is known as a? | Independent variable |
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opaltafe
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