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Chapter 6

Urinary System: Organs and Anatomic Structures

TermDefinition
kidney 1 of 2 bean-shaped organs located on each side of the vertebral column on the posterior wall of the abdominal cavity covered anteriorly by the parietal peritoneum. To remove waste products from blood & maintain water & electrolyte balaces.
nephron urine-producing microscopic structure. Approximately 1million nephrons are located in each kidney.
glomerulus (pl. glomeruli) cluster of capillaries at the entrance of the nephron. The process of filtering the blood, thereby forming urine, begins here.
renal pelvis funnel-shaped reservoir in the kidney that collects the urine and passes it to the ureter.
hilum indentation on the medial side of the kidney where the renal artery, vein, and pelvis are located and the ureter leaves the kidney.
ureters 2 slender tubes, approximately 10-13 inches (26-33 cm) long, that receive the urine from the kidneys and carry it to the posterior portion of the bladder.
urinary bladder muscular, hollow organ that temporarily holds the urine. As it fills, the thick, muscular wall becomes thinner, and the organ increases in size.
urethra lowest part of the urinary tract, through which the urine passes from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body. This narrow tube varies in length by sex. Approx. 1.5in (3.8cm) long in female, 8in (20cm) in male. Carries semen at time of ejaculation
urinary meatus opening through which the urine passes to the outside
Created by: kbkrause
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