Help
Options
Question
What cavity houses the respiratory system?
click to flip
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't know
Question
What are the 3 pairs of tonsils and where are they located?
Remaining cards (44)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Respiratory A+P
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What cavity houses the respiratory system? | Thoracic |
| What are the 3 pairs of tonsils and where are they located? | Pharyngeal(adenoids when enlarged)- nasopharynx Lingual- oropharynx Palatine- oropharynx |
| What are the characteristics of respiratory mucosa? | Epithelium that is typically ciliated and exhibits numerous goblet cells that produce and release mucus |
| What are the 4 sinuses and what are their anatomical relationship? | Maxillary (lateral, inferior) Ethmoid (lateral) Sphenoid (superior, posterior) Frontal (superior) |
| What is the anatomical structure + orientation of the trachea? | Extends from the larynx to primary bronchi Furnishes part of the open airway to the lungs About 11cm or 4.5 inches |
| What is the sequence of airflow from outside the body to where gas exchange occurs? | Oxygen is inhaled, makes way through the pharynx, larynx, trachea, large upper airways, conducting bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, the alveoli and the capillaries, co2 makes the same journey in reverse |
| What are the various structures of the upper respiratory tract? | Organs are located outside the thorax and consists of nose, nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx, and larynx |
| What is the function of surfactant and what cells produce it? | Coats respiratory membrane, reduces surface tension and stops alveoli from sticking shut and collapsing. Type II cells produce surfactant |
| What structure does surfactant act on? | The alveolus/alveoli |
| What is inspiration? | moves air into the lungs, contraction of the diaphragm causes inspiration, which makes the thoracic cavity larger |
| What is expiration? | moves air out of the lungs, a passive process that begins when inspiratory muscles are relaxed which decreases thorax size |
| What is ventilation? | movement of air through conducting passages between the atmosphere and the lungs |
| What is respiration? | process where living cells of an organism obtains energy in form of ATP by taking oxygen and liberating CO2 from the oxidation of complex organic substances |
| What is the waste product of cellular respiration? | water and carbon dioxide |
| What is the end product of cellular respiration? | ATP |
| What is the mechanism and events that occur during inspiration | contraction of the diaphragm, contraction of both the diaphragm and intercostal muscles produces inspiration. As the diaphragm contracts it descends and this makes the thoracic cavity larger from the top to bottom |
| What is the mechanism and events that occur during expiration | begins when the pressure gradients that result in inspiration are reversed, inspiratory muscles relax causing a decrease in size of the thorax and increase the intrapleural pressure |
| How is the majority of the various respiratory gasses transported in the blood (oxygen + carbon dioxide)? | Oxygen- inside the air sacs, oxygen moves across the paper thin walls to blood vessels(capillaries) and into your blood, protein called hemoglobin in red blood cells carries O2 around the body C02- dissolved gasses, bicarbonate or carbaminohemoglobin |
| what is Boyles law? | a gas volume is inversely proportional to its pressure ↳when the volume of a container holding a gas increases, its pressure decreases |
| What is Daltons law? | DIRECT relationship, the total pressure exerted by a gaseous mixture is equal to the sum of partial pressures of each individual component in a gas mixture |
| what is Bohr law? | increases in carbon dioxide levels in the blood will decrease the blood pH (more acidic), this decreases the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen |
| what is Haldane law? | deoxygenation of the blood (makes more basic) increases its ability to carry carbon dioxide |
| what is tidal volume? | amount of air exhaled air after normal respiration (usually 500ml) |
| what is inspiratory reserve volume? | the amount of air that can be forcibly inhaled after normal expiration (3.3L) |
| what is expiratory reserve volume? | the amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled (between 1.0-1.2L) |
| what is residual volume? | amount of air that cannot be forcibly exhaled (1.2L) |
| what is vital capacity? | the sum of IRV+TV+ERV |
| what is total lung capacity? | the sum of all 4 lung volumes, total amount of air a lung can hold |
| what is forced vital capacity? | the maximum amount of air you can forcibly exhale from your lungs after fully inhaling (80% of total capacity) |
| Eupnea | good, normal breathing |
| Dyspnea | laboured, difficulty breathing |
| Orthopnea | difficulty breathing while lying down (relieved by sitting up) |
| Apnea | temporary cessation of breathing |
| Cheyne-stokes respiration | cresendo to decresendo |
| Biot breathing | sequences of deep gasps and apnea, caused by damaged to the pons |
| Kussmaul breathing | deep and laboured breathing pattern often associated with severe metabolic acidosis, particularly diabetic ketoacidosis and kidney failure |
| Total minute volume | rate of pulmonary ventilation |
| Hyperventilation | increased pulmonary ventilation in excess of oxygen needs |
| Hypoventilation | decreased pulmonary ventilation resulting in elevated blood carbon dioxide levels |
| Hyperpnea | increased breathing accomplished by increasing tidal volume and/or breathing frequency |
| what muscles are involved in inspiration? | Diaphragm and intercostal muscles |
| What are the effects of carbon dioxide levels on the blood? | decrease blood pH |
| What are the factors that allow for efficient exchange of gasses between alveoli and capillaries? | -The oxygen pressure gradient between alveolar air and blood -The respiratory minute volume -Alveolar ventilation |
| How do oxygen and carbon dioxide bind to hemoglobin molecules? | carbon dioxide can bind to amino acids in the chains Oxygen can bind to iron in the heme groups |
| 3 obstructive pulmonary diseases | Emphysema, asthma, bronchitis |
Created by:
emmawillems
Popular Paramedic/EMT sets