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EMS Abbreviations
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| LKW | Last Known Well |
| AAA | Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm |
| ALS | Advanced Life Support |
| BLS | Basic Life Support |
| SpO2 | O2 saturation taken with a Pulse Oximeter SaO2 is 02 saturation measured by blood gas analysis |
| O2 | Oxygen molecule |
| CO2 | Carbon Dioxide molecule |
| DVT | Deep Vein Thrombosis occurs when a blood clot (thrombus) forms in one or more of the deep veins in the body, usually in the legs |
| SAMPLE | History Assessment Signs and Symptoms Allergies Medications Past Medical History Last Intake (food, fluids, meds) Events leading up |
| OPQRST | Pain Assessment Onset - sudden/gradual? Palliative/Provokes Quality - describe Radiating - moving? Severity scale - 1-10 Time - when did it start |
| TIA | Transient Ischemic Attack A temporary period of symptoms similar to those of a stroke. Usually lasts only a few minutes and doesn't cause permanent damage. |
| F A S T | Stroke Assessment Facial Drooping - as them to smile Arm Weakness - close eyes and hold arms out straight Speech Difficulty - ask to repeat a phrase Time - Last Know Well / get to hospital ASAP |
| BVM | Bag Valve Mask A manual, positive pressure, breathing device. Do not over pressure. Watch for chest raise and stop. O2 rate is 15+ |
| NRB | Non-ReBreather mask Used for high flow O2 delivery. Patient does not breath back any CO2 Not always tolerated and hard to talk through 10-15 lpm |
| COPD | Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases an umbrella term used to describe a series of progressive lung diseases characterized by difficulty breathing. The two primary COPD diseases are: Emphysema and Chronic Bronchitis |
| A B C | Stop the Bleed Alert 911 or ALS Bleeding - find it Compress - stop it |
| CAT | Combat Application Tourniquet Designed for ease of self application Most common type for EMS as well. |
| ER | Emergency Room |
| SAILER | Oral Communication - from dispatch Sex Age Incident/chief complaint Location of incident/patient Equipment needed Resources needed |
| PCR | Patient Care Report SOAP or D-CHART |
| Hx | History (D-CHART) History of present illness/injury (HPI) Interventions taken by all involved (family, etc) Pertinent/significant medical history SAMPLE info |
| Ax | Assessment (D-CHART) Age, gender, LOR (AVPU), ABCs with comments Pertinent negatives Detailed complaint and other symptoms Results of physical exam (DCAP-BTLS) Vitals with significant finding highlighted |
| Rx | Treatment / Prescription (D-CHART) Latin for Recipe |
| Tx | Transport (D-CHART) |
| SOAP | A method of PCR Narrative Subjective – symptoms patient says, qualitative findings Objective – signs and observations, quantitative, facts Assessment – general impression (like a diagnosis) Plan – how did we treat, excoriate, move |
| D-CHART | Patient Care Report Chief Complaint Hx - history As - assessment Rx - treats Tx - transport |
| LOR / LOC | Level of Consciousness / Level of Response Typically use AVPU |
| AVPU | LOR Rating Alert/Awake - follows commands Verbal - responds to voice but not alert Pain - moves or cries to pain Unresponsive - no response |
| CPR | Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation |
| B ABCDE | Primary Assessment Bleeding Airway Breathing Circulatory Deformities / Disability / Decision Expose |
| DCAP-BTLS | Physical Exam focused on trauma Deformity Contusions Abrasions/avulsions Punctures/penetrations Burns/bleeding/bruises Tenderness Lacerations Swelling |
| PERRL(A) | Pupils are Equal, Round, and Reactive to Light and Accommodating - follow movement |
| RICES | Rest Ice Compression Elevation Splint |
| SLIC | Size of adjunct Lubricate the adjunct Insert the adjunct Check the adjunct |
| NOI | Nature of Illness |
| MOI | Mechanism of Injury |
| Pt | Patient |
| AMS | Altered Mental Status |
| TBI | Traumatic Brain Injury |
| CMS | Circulatory Motor Sensory A test for neurological injuries - typically at the extremities C - pulse - skin color - nail refill M - wiggle fingers and toes - squeeze my hand S - can you tell which finger/toe I am holding? |
| HIPAA | Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act Law in the US that among other things provide protections for patients sensitive information. Care givers need permission from the patient to exchange protected health information (PHI) |
| PHI | Protected Health Information The types of information protected under HIPAA. Name, DOB, medical history, treatments, etc. |
| BSI | Body Substance Isolation A set of measures used to protect yourself from infections. This includes the use of PPE, as well as distance, washing, wind direction, etc. |
| PPE | Personal Protective Equipment Equipment used to accomplish BSI |
| MSDS / SDS | Material Safety Data Sheets Documents, kept on site, that cover the chemicals that the facility might be using or storing. They are standardized and include first responder information. |
| AED | Automated External Defibrillator |
| MOLST | Medical Order for Life Supporting Treatment |
| DNR (Living will or MOLST directive) | Do Not Resuscitate Living will or MOLST directive |
| DNI (Living will or MOLST directive) | Do Not Intubate Living will or MOLST directive |
| CC (Living will or MOLST directive) | Comfort Care only Living will or MOLST directive |
| DOA | Dead On Arrival Do you know the criteria? |
| MI | Myocadiac Infarction (heart attack) |
| CSF | Cerebrospinal Fluid |
| OPA | Oropharyngeal Airway Adjunct |
| NPA | Nasopharyngeal Airway Adjunct |
| CPAP | Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Keeps pressure in the lungs and airway even during exhalation |
| AMS | Altered Mental Status A level of LOR - AVPU Patient is awake but not responding appropriately or is not fully oriented |
| IC | Incident Commander/Command The person put in charge of the incident |
| ICS | Incident Command System Part of NIMS that provides a methods and structure for managing any incident regardless of cause, size, scope, or complexity |
| MCI | Mass Casualty Incident An incident involving 2 or more patients in which the number of patients exceeds the capability of the immediately available resources. |
| NIMS | National Incident Management Systems A standard framework for responding and managing incidents involving multiple jurisdictions |
| START (triage) | Triage method Simple Triage And Rapid Treatment |
| SALT (triage) | Triage method Sort Access Life Saving interventions Treatment and/or Transport |
| PSAP | Public-Safety Answering Point An entity responsible for receiving 9-1-1 calls and processing those calls Dispatch may or may not take 911 calls directly. |
| HEENT | Head areas to examine Head Ears Eyes Nose Throat |
| CHATT | Communications Chief Complaint History Assessment Treatments Transport |
| AEIOU-TIPS | Mnemonic for AMS causes Alcohol Epilepsy Insulin Oxygen Uremia Trauma Infection Psychosis Stoke |
Created by:
danfar
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