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Chapter 8
Female Reproductive System: Words Not Built From Word Parts
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) | irregular bleeding in the absence of pregnancy; menometrorrhagia, menorrhagia, and metrorrhagia are some types |
| adenomosis | growth of endometrium into the muscular portion of the uterus |
| Bartholin cyst | blockage of one of the glands on either side of the vagina; usually causes a tender, swollen lump on the affected side, which may become infected, resulting in a Bartholin cyst |
| breast cancer | malignant tumor of the breast |
| cervical cancer | malignant tumor of the cervix, which progresses from cervical dysplasia to carcinoma. Its cause is linked to HPV infection |
| endometrial cancer | malignant tumor of the endometrium (uterine cancer) |
| fibrocystic breast changes (FCC) | thickening tissue (fibrosis), benign cysts, and pain or tenderness in one or both breasts; thought to be caused by monthly hormonal changes |
| ovarian cancer | malignant tumor of the ovary |
| pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) | inflammation of some or all of the female pelvic organs; can be caused by many different pathogens. If untreated, the infection may spread upward from the vagina, involving the uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, and other pelvic organs |
| polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) | condition typically characterized by hormonal imbalances, ovulatory dysfunction, and multiple ovarian cysts |
| premenstrual syndrome (PMS) | syndrome involving physical and emotional symptoms occurring up to 10 days before menstruation. Symptoms include nervous tension, irritability, mastalgia, edema, and headache. |
| toxic shock syndrome (TSS) | severe illness characterized by high fever, rash, vomiting, diarrhea, and myalgia, followed by hypotension and in severe cases, shock and death; caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes |
| uterine fibroid | benign tumor of the uterine muscle (aka myoma of the uterus or leiomyoma) |
| uterovaginal prolapse | dropping of the uterus (and sometimes vagina) due to weakened pelvic muscles; the uterus moves downward into and is sometimes visible outside the vagina |
| vaginal fistula | abnormal connection between the vagina and another organ, such as the urinary bladder, colon, or rectum |
| anterior and posterior colporrhaphy (A&P repair) | surgical repair of a weakened vaginal wall to correct a cystocele and a rectocele |
| conization | surgical removal of a cone-shaped area of the cervix; used in the treatment of noninvasive cervical cancer (aka cone biopsy) |
| dilation and curettage (D&C) | surgical procedure to widen the cervix and remove contents from the uterus using a curette, an instrument for scraping or suctioning; the procedure can be diagnostic or therapeutic |
| endometrial ablation | procedure to destroy or remove the endometrium by use of laser, electrical, or thermal energy; used to treat abnormal uterine bleeding |
| myomectomy | excision of a uterine fibroid (myoma) |
| tubal ligation | surgical closure of the fallopian tubes for sterilization; tubes may be cut and tied (ligated, cut and cauterized, or closed off with a clip, clamp, ring, or band |
| uterine artery embolization (UAE) | placement of metal coils or small gelatin beads into uterine arteries to stop blood flow supplying uterine fibroids or to stop severe hemorrhage after childbirth |
| sentinel lymph node biopsy | injection of blue dye and/or radioactive isotope used to identify the sentinel lymph node(s) |
| stereotactic breast biopsy | technique that combines mammography and computer-assisted biopsy to obtain tissue from a breast lesion |
| transvaginal sonography (TVS) | ultrasound procedure that uses a transducer placed in the vagina to obtain images of the ovaries, uterus, cervix, fallopian tubes, and surrounding sturctures. To diagnose masses, monitor pregnancy, evaluate ovulation for infertility |
| CA-125 test | blood test used to monitor treatment for ovarian cancer and to detect recurrence once treatment is complete. It is a protein found on the surface of most ovarian cancer cells and is released into the bloodstream |
| HPV test | cytological study of cervical and vaginal secretions to detect high-risk forms of the human papillomavirus that can cause abnormal cervical cells and cervical cancer; used for cervical cancer screening |
| Pap test | cytological study of cervical and vaginal secretions to detect abnormal and cancerous cells; primarily used for cervical cancer screening |
| anovulation | failure of the ovary to release an egg |
| dyspareunia | difficult or painful intercourse |
| fistula | abnormal passageway between 2 organs or between an internal organ and the body surface |
| oligoovulation | infrequent release of an egg |
| contraception | intentional prevention of conception |
| hormone replacement therapy (HRT) | replacement of hormones, estrogen and progesterone, to treat symptoms associated with menopause |
| speculum | instrument for opening a body cavity to allow visual inspection |
| menarche | beginning of menstruation (specifically, onset of the first menstrual period) |
| menopause | cessation of menstruation, usually around the ages of 48-53 |
Created by:
kbkrause
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