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Unit 5 Test

TermDefinition
Information-process theory dreams help us sort out the day’s events and consolidate our memories.
REM rebound the tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation
Insomnia a sleep disorder in which a person has recurring problems in falling or staying asleep
Narcolepsy a sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks. These attacks are usually caused by excitement. The sufferer may lapse directly into REM sleep, often at inopportune times.
Sleep apnea a sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings.
Night terrors a sleep disorder characterized by high arousal and an appearance of being terrified
Delta waves the larger, slow brain waves associated with deep sleep.
REM sleep rapid eye movement sleep; a recurring sleep stage during which vivid dreams commonly occur. Also known as paradoxical sleep because the muscles are relaxed (except for minor twitches) but other body systems are active
NREM sleep non-rapid eye movement sleep; encompasses all sleep stages except for REM sleep.
Stage one lasts about 5 minutes, emit theta waves, may experience hallucinations and hynagogic sensations (feelings of floating or falling)
Alpha waves the relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state
Stage two lasts for about 20 minutes, clearly asleep and experiencing sleep spindles (random bursts of activity)
Stage three a transition stage into stage four, first emission of delta waves.
Stage four the deepest stage of sleep in which it is hard to wake, lasts for about 30 minutes, emission of delta waves, sleep walking, bed wetting, etc. occur during this stage
Depressants drugs (such as alcohol, barbiturates, and opiates) that reduce neural activity and slow body functions
Barbiturates a major tranquilizer that depresses the activity of the CNS, reducing anxiety but impairing memory and judgment
Benzodiazepines a minor/mild depressant that lowers anxiety and reduces stress
Opiates opium and its derivatives, such as morphine and heroin; they depress neural activity, temporarily lessening pain and anxiety.
Stimulant drugs (such as caffeine, nicotine, and the more powerful amphetamines, cocaine, and Ecstasy) that excite neural activity and speed up body functions
Amphetamines drugs that stimulate neural activity, causing speeded-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes; also known as speed
Hallucinogens psychedelic (“mind-manifesting”) drugs that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input
LSD a powerful hallucinogenic drug; also known as acid (lysergic acid diethylamide).
Alcohol depressant, (Pleasure) initial high followed by relaxation and disinhibition (Adverse) depression, memory loss, organ damage, impaired reactions
Heroin depressant, (Pleasure) rush of euphoria, relief from pain, (Adverse) depressed physiology, agonizing withdrawal
Caffeine stimulant, (Pleasure) increased alertness and wakefulness, (Adverse) anxiety, restlessness, and insomnia in high doses; uncomfortable withdrawal
Methamphetamine ("speed", "ice") stimulant, (Pleasure) euphoria, alertness, energy, (Adverse) irritability, insomnia, hypertension, seizures
Cocaine stimulant, (Pleasure) rush of euphoria, confidence, energy (Adverse) cardiovascular stress, suspiciousness, depressive crash
Nicotine stimulant, (Pleasure) arousal and relaxation, sense of well-being, (Adverse) heart disease, cancer (from tars)
Ecsstasy (MDMA) stimulant;mild hallucinogen, (Pleasure) emotional elevation, disinhibition, (Adverse) dehydration, overheating, and depressed mood, cognitive, and immune functioning
Marijuana mild hallucinogen, (Pleasure) enhanced sensation, relief of pain, distortion of time, relaxation, (Adverse) impaired learning and memory, increased risk of psychological disorders, and lung damage
Created by: margaret_05
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