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Module 3 PSW

Definitions

QuestionAnswer
Right Atrium Contains deoxygenated blood, receives blood from body tissues
Left Atrium First too receives oxygenated blood. Receives blood from the lungs.
Hypertension High blood pressure
Left Ventricle Pumps blood to the body.
Cell Is the basic working unit of the body
Plasma Is the liquid part of blood.
Valves Prevent back washing of blood out of the heart.
Symptoms of a myocardial infarction Chest pain, shortness of breath, sweating, grey colour
Angina Pectoris Symptoms are: SOB, nausea, palpitations, dizziness and light headedness and fatigue. Can be triggered by stress, temperature, heavy meals, exertion, smoking and drinking.
Congestive Heart Failure Excess fluid in extremities, difficulty breathing and unexplained weight gain. the heart does not pump or function as it should.
Pleura Is the two-layered sac surrounding the lungs.
Bronchi Are the two branches of the trachea that go to each lung.
Diaphragm The muscle below the lung that assists with breathing.
Alveoli Are the air sacs that expand and contract with breathing.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease A persistent lung disorder that blocks the airways and makes breathing difficult.
Diabetes Is an endocrine disorder involving too much or too little insulin.
Emphysema Alveoli that lose their elasticity and a barrel chest are symptoms of this disease.
Epiglottis The flap that covers the larynx when we eat or drink.
Asthma An illness of the bronchi brought on by allergies, exertion, cold and stress.
Pharynx The medical term for the throat.
Parathyroid gland Is a gland that closely monitors the amount of calcium in the blood.
Homeostasis A stable state within the body. (balance)
Pancreas Secretes antagonistic hormones, insulin and glucagon. Endocrine function is insulin etc, Exocrine function is digestion
Insulin Required to break down Glucose and starch and allows cells to absorb sugar. If insulin is not being produced then sugar builds up in the blood.
Thyroid Gland Regulates the metabolic rate of the body.
Skin Is made up of epithelial, connective, nerve and muscle tissue. The layers of the skin are epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous.
Structure of the Urinary System are: Kidney, ureter, bladder and urethra.
Urine output per 24 hr period 1500 ML
The function of the kidneys are: To filter waste products from the blood to be excreted from the body, regulate blood pressure and control the amount fluid and electrolyte retained or excreted from the body.
Nephron The basic working unit of the kidney.
Glomerulus A network of capillaries found in the nephrons of the kidneys.
Cystitis Inflammation of the bladder.
Pyelonephritis Inflammation of the kidneys and renal cavities due to bacterial infection.
Oliguria Scant amount of urine.
Patella Is the kneecap
Sternum Is the breast bone
The functions of the skeletal system are: Protection, support and shape.
Clavicle Is the collarbone
Marrow Is the substance in the middle of the bone that produces blood cells.
Arthroplasty Is the surgical replacement of a joint to relieve pain and restore joint.
Neurotransmitters Are the chemicals that carry a message via electrical impulse between the cells of the nervous system.
Dendrites Are how messages travel into the neuron
Brainstem The ---------- is made up of the midbrain, pons and medulla.
Cerebral Vascular Accident/Transient Ischemic Attack Also called a stroke. Weakness on one side and difficulty with speaking.
Female hormones are: Estrogen and Progesterone
Fallopian Tube The egg is (ovum) must travel through these to reach the uterus.
Cervix Is the neck or narrow part of the uterus.
Labia Majora Outer folds of tissue on each side of the vaginal opening.
Seminal Vesicles Is where the sperm is stored.
Peristalsis The wave-like motion of food through the digestive system. Muscle contractions that move food through the alimentary canal.
Meatus The opening from the bladder at the end of the end of the urethra.
Duodenum Is where the food is chemically broken down. Also where bile and pancreatic juices are secreted.
Stomach Is responsible for chemical breakdown and physical absorption.
Colostomy Is when an opening is surgically made in the large intestine from outside the body.
Jejunum and Ileum Responsible for absorption of nutrients.
Urinary System Function Is to remove waste from the products from the blood.
Passive Immunity A natural process of developing antibodies within the body.
Cartilage Is connective tissues that prevents bone ends from rubbing together.
Basic structure of the cell: Cell membrane, Nucleus, Cytoplasm
Circulatory System Structure: Blood, Heart and Vessels
What are specialized connective tissues: Blood, Bones, Adipose and Dense Fibrous
Adipose tissue Supplies energy to surrounding cells, acts as a cushion for the body, Supports surrounding structures and aids in body temperature regulation.
Types of bones are: Long Bones, Short bones, Irregular bones, Flat bones and Sesamoid bones.
The body system is made up of: Cells, tissues, and organs.
Tendons Connects the muscles to the bones.
Cerebellum Regulates and controls body movement.
Cerebral Cortex Where the highest function of the brain takes place.
Veins Carry blood back to the heart.
Capillary Tiny blood vessels that allow food, oxygen and other substances to pass to the cells.
Tissue Group of cells with the same function,
Epithelial tissue Covers internal and external body surfaces
Connective tissue Anchors, connects and supports other body tissues.
Muscle tissue Allows the body to move by stretching and contracting.
Nerve tissue Relays information to and from the brain and throughout the body.
Growth Hormone Causes growth of muscles, bones and other organs.
Thyroid Stimulating hormone(TSH) Enables thyroid gland function.
Adrenocorticotropic hormone(ACTH) Stimulates the adrenal gland.
Antidiuretic hormone(ADH) Prevents the kidneys from overproducing amounts of water.
Oxytocin Causes the uterine muscles to contract during childbirth.
Insulin Released from the pancreas and regulates sugar in the blood.
Thyroxine Regulates metabolism
Epinephrine Stimulates body to produce energy during emergencies.
Antibodies Attack and destroy abnormal or unwanted substances.
Phagocytes Digest and destroy microorganisms and other unwanted substances.
Lymphocytes Produce antibodies
B Lymphocytes(B cells) Cause the production of the anti bodies that circulate in the plasma.
T Lymphocytes (T cells) Destroys invading cells or attracts other cells that will destroy them.
Mineralocorticoid hormones Regulate water and salt amount lost and absorbed by the kidneys.
Function of the lymphatic system: Maintains balance of water between blood and tissue. Part of the immune system and helps fight infection/bacteria by carrying white blood cells to and from lymph nodes. Facilitates absorption of fats and fat soluble nutrients in digestive system.
Multiple Sclerosis Blurred or double vision, numbness and tingling, muscle weakness, difficulty speaking, dizziness, poor coordination and bladder problems.
Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack Sudden weakness or numbness on one side, impaired or lost vision, loss or difficulty of speech, unexpected dizziness and loss of facial muscle control.
Emphysema Enlarged alveoli , loss of elasticity in the walls of the alveoli, air remains trapped in alveoli when exhaled, SOB, barrel chest, smokers cough.
Parkinson's disease Mask like facial expression, pill rolling movement of fingers, shuffling gait, impaired balance, stooped posture, stiff muscles, slurred or monotone speech and drooling.
Right Ventricle Pumps blood to the lungs
Left Ventricle Pumps blood to body.
Created by: Katie A
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