Term
click below
click below
Term
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Chapter 11
Social Psychology
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Norms | Rules and expectations that regulate social life, including explicit laws and implicit cultural conventions |
Role | A given social position that is governed by a set of norms for "proper" behavior |
Culture | A set of values, beliefs, and customs shared by most member of a community that governs their behavior |
Attribution theory | The idea that people are motivated to explain their own and other people behavior by attributing causes of the behavior to a situation or a dispostion |
Fundamental attribution error | The tendency, in explaining other people's behavior, to overestimate personality factors and underestimate the influence of the situation |
Better-than-average effect | The bias for most individual to believe that they are above-average performers in the most domains |
Just world hypothesis | the belief that the world is fair, and that bad people are punished and good people are rewarded |
Cognitive dissonance | A state of tension that occurs when a person simultaneously holds two beliefs that are psychologically inconsistent or when a person's belief is incongruent with their behavior |
Familiarity effect | the tendency of people to feel more positive toward a person, product, or item the more familiar they are with it |
Elaboration likelihood model | A model proposing two routes (central and peripheral) by which persuasive communications can produce attitude change, as determined by an individual's cognitive and motivation |
Groupthink | The tendency for all members of a group to think alike |
Diffusion of responsibility | In groups, the tendency of members to avoid taking action because they assume that others will |
Deindividuation | A loss of awareness of one's own individuality whereby people in crowds, feeling anonymous, may do destructive thing they would never do on their own |
Social Identity | The part of a person's self-concept that is based on their identification with a national, religious, ethnic, occupational, or other social affiliation. |
Stereotype | A summary impression that members of a group share common characteristics |
Prejudice | A strong, unreasonable dislike of a group and it's members, often coinciding with negative serotypes. |