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Chapter 11
Social Psychology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Norms | Rules and expectations that regulate social life, including explicit laws and implicit cultural conventions |
| Role | A given social position that is governed by a set of norms for "proper" behavior |
| Culture | A set of values, beliefs, and customs shared by most member of a community that governs their behavior |
| Attribution theory | The idea that people are motivated to explain their own and other people behavior by attributing causes of the behavior to a situation or a dispostion |
| Fundamental attribution error | The tendency, in explaining other people's behavior, to overestimate personality factors and underestimate the influence of the situation |
| Better-than-average effect | The bias for most individual to believe that they are above-average performers in the most domains |
| Just world hypothesis | the belief that the world is fair, and that bad people are punished and good people are rewarded |
| Cognitive dissonance | A state of tension that occurs when a person simultaneously holds two beliefs that are psychologically inconsistent or when a person's belief is incongruent with their behavior |
| Familiarity effect | the tendency of people to feel more positive toward a person, product, or item the more familiar they are with it |
| Elaboration likelihood model | A model proposing two routes (central and peripheral) by which persuasive communications can produce attitude change, as determined by an individual's cognitive and motivation |
| Groupthink | The tendency for all members of a group to think alike |
| Diffusion of responsibility | In groups, the tendency of members to avoid taking action because they assume that others will |
| Deindividuation | A loss of awareness of one's own individuality whereby people in crowds, feeling anonymous, may do destructive thing they would never do on their own |
| Social Identity | The part of a person's self-concept that is based on their identification with a national, religious, ethnic, occupational, or other social affiliation. |
| Stereotype | A summary impression that members of a group share common characteristics |
| Prejudice | A strong, unreasonable dislike of a group and it's members, often coinciding with negative serotypes. |
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Kayla2021
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