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Chapter 9
9.5
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What does fermentation and anaerobic respiration do? | It enables cells to produce ATP w/o oxygen |
Can the ETC chain operate without oxygen? | NO |
What does glycolysis work with to produce ATP when there is no oxygen? | Anaerobic respiration or fermentation |
What final electron acceptor does anaerobic respiration use? | Something besides O2, like sulfate |
What does fermentation use instead of ETC? | It uses substrate-level phosphorylation |
What are 2 types of fermentation? | 1. Alcohol 2. Lactic acid |
2 Steps of alcohol fermentation: | 1. Release CO2 2. Pyruvate> ethanol |
What is alcohol fermentation most commonly used by? | Yeast |
Is yeast an obligate anaerobe? | No it is facultative. |
What do proteins need to be digested to in catabolism? Which cycles can they feed? | amino acids. glycolysis or citric acid |
What are fats digested to for glycolysis? What about for generating acetyl CoA? | glycerol. fatty acids |
What breaks down fatty acids? | beta oxidation |
how much more ATP does an oxidized g of fat produce over an oxidized g of carb? | 2x as much |
What happens in biosynthesis? | The body uses small molecules to build up other substances. |
Where does biosynthesis come from? | food, glycolysis, or citric acid cycle |
What is common for metabolic control? | feedback inhibition |
If ATP concentration drops, what happens to respiration? | It speeds up |