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AP HuG Unit 1.1 2022
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Political Maps | Show and label human created boundaries and designations such as countries, states, cities and capitals |
Physical Maps | Show and label natural features such as mountains, rivers and deserts. |
Road Maps | Show and label highways, streets, and alleys |
Plat Maps | Show and label property lines and details of land ownership |
Dot Distribution Maps | Used to show the specific location and distribution of something across a map. |
Choropleth Maps | Uses various colors, shades of one color, or patterns to show location and distribution of spatial data. Often use ranges or quantitative data like showing the percentage of English speakers in an area. |
Graduated Symbol Map | Uses symbols of different sizes to indicate different amounts of something. Uses and map key and the information is centered over the location that represents the data. Also called proportional symbol maps |
Isoline (Isometric) Maps | use lines to connect points of equal value to depict variation in the data across space. Close lines = rapid change, spread apart lines= even change. |
Topographic Maps | Points of equal elevation are connected, creating contours that show surface features. |
Cartogram | The sizes of countries/areas/regions are proportionate to a statistic they showcase ex the US being bigger than Spain on a map that displays the number of English speakers in a country. |
Scale | The ratio between the size of things in the real world and the size of things on a map. |
Cartographic Map | The way a map communicates the ratio of its size to the size of what it represents. |
Small Scale Maps | Show a large amount of area with less detail |
Large Scale Maps | Smaller amount of area with greater detail |
Absolute Location | The precise spot where something is according to a system |
Latitude | The distance north or south of the equators - runs east to west |
Longitude | The distance east or west of the prime Meridian - Runs vertically pole to pole |
International Date Line | Follows the 180 degree longitude line but makes exceptions for international borders |
Relative Location | Where something is in relation to other things ex the US is near Mexico |
Connectivity | How well two location are tied together by roads or links |
Accessibility | How quickly and easily people in different locations can interact with each other |
Direction | Where things are in relation with each other ex North South East West and other cardinal direction combinations. |
Absolute Distance | Measured in units such as feet, miles, km etc. |
Relative Distance | Indicates the degree of nearness by time, money and is dependent on mode of travel. |
Elevation | The distance of features above sea level, usually measure in feet or meters |
Distribution | The way phenomena is spread over an area |
Patterns | The general arrangement of things in the distribution of phenomena across space. |
Clustered or Agglomerated Distribution | Phenomena is arranged in a group or concentrated area |
Linear Distribution | Phenomena are arranged in a straight line |
Dispersed Distribution | Phenomena is spread out over a large area |
Circular Distribution | Phenomena are equally spaced from a central point, forming a circle |
Geometric | Phenomena that are in the shape of a shape |
Random Distribution | Phenomena that have no discernible pattern |