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AP HuG Unit 1.1 2022

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Term
Definition
Political Maps   Show and label human created boundaries and designations such as countries, states, cities and capitals  
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Physical Maps   Show and label natural features such as mountains, rivers and deserts.  
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Road Maps   Show and label highways, streets, and alleys  
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Plat Maps   Show and label property lines and details of land ownership  
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Dot Distribution Maps   Used to show the specific location and distribution of something across a map.  
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Choropleth Maps   Uses various colors, shades of one color, or patterns to show location and distribution of spatial data. Often use ranges or quantitative data like showing the percentage of English speakers in an area.  
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Graduated Symbol Map   Uses symbols of different sizes to indicate different amounts of something. Uses and map key and the information is centered over the location that represents the data. Also called proportional symbol maps  
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Isoline (Isometric) Maps   use lines to connect points of equal value to depict variation in the data across space. Close lines = rapid change, spread apart lines= even change.  
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Topographic Maps   Points of equal elevation are connected, creating contours that show surface features.  
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Cartogram   The sizes of countries/areas/regions are proportionate to a statistic they showcase ex the US being bigger than Spain on a map that displays the number of English speakers in a country.  
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Scale   The ratio between the size of things in the real world and the size of things on a map.  
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Cartographic Map   The way a map communicates the ratio of its size to the size of what it represents.  
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Small Scale Maps   Show a large amount of area with less detail  
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Large Scale Maps   Smaller amount of area with greater detail  
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Absolute Location   The precise spot where something is according to a system  
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Latitude   The distance north or south of the equators - runs east to west  
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Longitude   The distance east or west of the prime Meridian - Runs vertically pole to pole  
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International Date Line   Follows the 180 degree longitude line but makes exceptions for international borders  
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Relative Location   Where something is in relation to other things ex the US is near Mexico  
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Connectivity   How well two location are tied together by roads or links  
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Accessibility   How quickly and easily people in different locations can interact with each other  
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Direction   Where things are in relation with each other ex North South East West and other cardinal direction combinations.  
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Absolute Distance   Measured in units such as feet, miles, km etc.  
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Relative Distance   Indicates the degree of nearness by time, money and is dependent on mode of travel.  
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Elevation   The distance of features above sea level, usually measure in feet or meters  
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Distribution   The way phenomena is spread over an area  
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Patterns   The general arrangement of things in the distribution of phenomena across space.  
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Clustered or Agglomerated Distribution   Phenomena is arranged in a group or concentrated area  
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Linear Distribution   Phenomena are arranged in a straight line  
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Dispersed Distribution   Phenomena is spread out over a large area  
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Circular Distribution   Phenomena are equally spaced from a central point, forming a circle  
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Geometric   Phenomena that are in the shape of a shape  
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Random Distribution   Phenomena that have no discernible pattern  
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