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Social Psychology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| What is social psychology? | study of the social mind |
| Social Brain | Amygdala, Fusiform Gyrus, STS, Prefrontal Cortex |
| Amygdala | regulate emotions, such as fear and aggression |
| Fusiform Gyrus | face perception, object recognition, and reading |
| STS (S.. Temporal Sulcus) | including the perception of faces and human motion, as well as understanding others' actions, mental states, and language. |
| Prefrontal Cortex | reasoning, problem solving, comprehension, impulse-control, creativity and perseverance |
| Social psychology is not where we think | is the scientific understanding of what it is like to be a person- why our existence at this moment in time and space feels like major journals reveals a jarring discrepancy between the official account of the field and the actual state |
| Objections Anticipated | It leaves things out It doesn’t leave anything out It was all said long ago by people with better clothes |
| It leaves things out | unconscious process is the flip side of conscious experience; just as we learn about a phenomenon by studying its boundary conditions, we learn about human experience by discover where it starts and stops |
| It doesn’t leave anything out | we do not think social psychology is the science of everything. Plenty of useful questions and answers lies outside the psychology of human experience |
| It was all said long ago by people with better clothes | We study experience because it is the thing about which we want to know, and for a while that made social psychology a rather lonely place to be. But as it happens, scientists in various allied fields are now heading in our direction. |
| What do Dan and Wegner | the human experience |
| Aristotle | Anyone who wants to be isolated from the world is considered a God or a beast. He considers them this because humans are naturally social, they need human interaction and we also need others to help with our knowledge |
| Examples from chapter 1 (Social Animal) | illustrate social psychology situations. As diverse as they seem to be, they contain a common factor; social influence |
| Defining social psychology | the scientific study of influences of real, imagined or implied presence of others on our beliefs, feelings and behavior Also addresses reciprocal influence how we influence others |
| Focuses on some of society’s most disturbing and difficult questions | Influences of others Scientific- method, hypothesis, experimental data Real, imagined, implied Beliefs, feelings, behaviors |
| Hindsight bias | our tendency usually erroneous to overestimate our powers of prediction once we know the outcome |
| Loss aversion | we are more likely to avoid losing something than try to achieve gains |
| Negativity bias | It takes longer to get to the baseline after a negative event; more likely to pick out angry faces than smiling ones |
| Barnum effect | when people are given vague, all-purpose descriptions of themselves that could apply to anyone |
| Cloak of invisibility | feeling that we observe and notice others more than they do us |
| Spotlight (Gilovich) | perception that social spotlight occurs more brightly than it actually does |
| Egocentric bias | placing oneself in the center of our own universe |
| Confirmation bias | occurs when we accept information already believed and disconfirmation what we need |
| Naive realism | a phenomenon that reality is really reality; appeals to common sense |
| Bias blind spot | the belief that we are less bias than other people are |
| The mind's two processing system | Automatic processing and controlled processing |
| Automatic processing | Unconscious (implicit) operations Guides most of behaviors as well as well-learned routines Fast, efficient responses to sensory input |
| controlled processing | Conscious (explicit) operations Deals with novel or complex input |
| Impression formation | group outperforms those trying to memorize facts |
| Social identity theory (Henri Tajfel) | Most important group memberships feed sense of belonging and self-worth |
| Fundamental Attribution Error | an individual's tendency to attribute another's actions to their character or personality, while attributing their behavior to external situational factors outside of their control |
| Dispositional | Personality |
| Situational | Social |
| Central contribution | developing on appreciation for a more complex situational view of human behavior understanding the many social contextual influences in our lives |
| Social Psychology | Level of analysis is the individual -Highlights the power of the immediate situation -emphasis the influence of our subjective interpretations (aka construals) |
| Where is social psychology situated? | personality psychology |
| Focus on the person and stable characteristics, rather than the situation | personality psychology |
| Focus on “disordered” , rather than “normal” populations | clinical psychology |
| Focus on the influence of temporal factors on psychological processes | Developmental psycholog |
| Focus on the psychology with in the context of network | Industrial organizational psychology |
| Focus on the underlying neurological processes | Neuroscience |
| Level of analysis in psychology, rather than individual | sociology |
| Research Methods in Social Psychology | Social psychology is a science, meaning we rely on experiments and careful observation of many people before coming to conclusions, it is empirical |
| Ways to Test Hypothesis | Descriptive Research Correlation Research Experimental Research |
| Descriptive Research | to provide a clear, accurate picture of people's behaviors, thoughts and attributes |
Created by:
Jboone02
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