Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
PBS Vocab 2.2 & 2.3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| alleles | One of two or more DNA sequences occurring at a particular gene locus. |
| autosomes | one of the numbered chromosomes, as opposed to the sex chromosomes |
| benign | a condition, tumor, or growth that is not cancerous |
| centromere | the region where the cell's spindle fibers attach. |
| chromatid | one of the two identical halves of a chromosome that has been replicated in preparation for cell division |
| chromosome | A structure found inside the nucleus of a cell |
| deletion mutation | A type of genetic change that involves the absence of a segment of DNA. |
| DNA | The molecule inside cells that contains the genetic information responsible for the development and function of an organism. |
| dominant allele | the relationship between two versions of a gene |
| eukaryotic | Eukaryotes are organisms whose cells have a nucleus. |
| Familial Hypercholesterolemia | can be caused by inherited changes (mutations) in the LDLR, APOB, and PCSK9 genes, which affect how your body regulates and removes cholesterol from your blood |
| frameshift mutation | An insertion or deletion involving a number of base pairs that is not a multiple of three, which consequently disrupts the triplet reading frame of a DNA sequence. |
| gene | the basic physical and functional unit of heredity. |
| genome | The complete set of DNA (genetic material) in an organism. |
| genotype | the genetic makeup of an organism |
| gestational diabetes | a condition in which a hormone made by the placenta prevents the body from using insulin effectively. |
| heterozygous | The presence of two different alleles at a particular gene locus |
| homologous chromosomes | Two chromosomes in a pair – normally one inherited from the mother and one from the father. |
| homozygous | The presence of two identical alleles at a particular gene locus. |
| insertion mutation | A type of genetic change that involves the addition of a segment of DNA. |
| karyotype | an individual's complete set of chromosomes. |
| magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) | medical imaging technique used in radiology to form pictures of the anatomy and the physiological processes of the body. |
| malignant | A term used to describe cancer |
| meiosis | A special form of cell division in which each daughter cell receives half the amount of DNA as the parent cell. |
| messenger RNA (mRNA) | type of single-stranded RNA involved in protein synthesis |
| metastasis | The spread of cancer cells from the place where they first formed to another part of the body. |
| mitosis | a part of the cell cycle in which replicated chromosomes are separated into two new nuclei. |
| mutation | a change in the DNA sequence of an organism |
| Nondisjunction | the failure of the chromosomes to separate, which produces daughter cells with abnormal numbers of chromosomes |
| nucleotides | A molecule consisting of a nitrogen-containing base (adenine, guanine, thymine, or cytosine in DNA; adenine, guanine, uracil, or cytosine in RNA), a phosphate group, and a sugar (deoxyribose in DNA; ribose in RNA). |
| pedigree | shows relationships between family members and indicates which individuals have certain genetic pathogenic variants, traits, and diseases |
| phenotype | The observable characteristics in an individual resulting from the expression of genes |
| plan of care | how a medical professional plans to treat a patient |
| point mutation | A genetic alteration caused by the substitution of a single nucleotide for another nucleotide. |
| polymerase chain reaction | a specific class of enzyme found in all living organisms |
| prognosis | The likely outcome or course of a disease; the chance of recovery or recurrence |
| protein | A molecule made up of amino acids. |
| protein synthisis | the process in which cells make proteins. |
| punnet square | a table in which all of the possible outcomes for a genetic cross between two individuals with known genotypes are given |
| recessive allele | A type of allele that when present on its own will not affect the individual |
| restriction enzyme | a protein isolated from bacteria that cleaves DNA sequences at sequence-specific sites, producing DNA fragments with a known sequence at each end. |
| ribonucleic acid (RNA) | a nucleic acid present in all living cells that has structural similarities to DNA. |
| sex chromosomes | a type of chromosome involved in sex determination. |
| silent mutation | when the change of a single DNA nucleotide within a protein-coding portion of a gene does not affect the sequence of amino acids that make up the gene's protein. |
| ultrasound imaging | A procedure that uses high-energy sound waves to look at tissues and organs inside the body. |
Created by:
user-1582248
Popular Medical sets