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Dr.Manor Final Exam
Chapters 9-14 Medical Terminology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which term means the distention of a kidney? | nephrectasis |
| Which term means a stone in the urinary bladder? | cystolith |
| Which term means enlargement of the renal pelvis due to an obstruction of the urine flow? | hydronephrosis |
| Which term means difficult or painful urination? | dysuria |
| Which condition is also known as bed-wetting? | enuresis |
| Which term means distention of a ureter? | ureterectasis |
| Which term means the surgical repair of the tube extending from the bladder to the exterior of the body? | urethroplasty |
| Which term means the surgical fixation of the bladder to the abdominal wall? | cystopexy |
| In which congenital abnormality is the urethral opening on one side of the penis? | paraspadias |
| Which term means a disorder characterized by the presence of kidney stones? | nephrolithiasis |
| Which term means excessive urination? | polyuria |
| Which structure, or structures, carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder? | ureters |
| What is the correct spelling of the term describing the process of inserting a tube through the urethra and into the urinary bladder? | catheterization |
| Which term means a toxic condition caused by excessive urea and other waste products in the bloodstream? | uremia |
| Which term means abnormally high concentrations of protein in the urine? | hyperproteinuria |
| Which term means the removal of a kidney stone through a surgical incision into the kidney? | nephrolithotomy |
| Which term means pain in the bladder? | cystalgia |
| Which structure of the kidney contains the collecting tubules? | medulla |
| What is the correct spelling of the term meaning the destruction of a kidney stone by ultrasonic waves traveling through water? | lithotripsy |
| Which term means pain in the tube connecting the kidney to the bladder? | ureteralgia |
| Which radiographic study of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder does not use a contrast medium? | KUB |
| Which term means the surgical fixation of a floating kidney? | nephropexy |
| Which term means an inflammation of the renal pelvis and of the kidney? | pyelonephritis |
| Which term means the increased excretion of urine? | diuresis |
| Which term means bleeding from the bladder? | cystorrhagia |
| Which division of the nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord? | central |
| Which term is the result of a blood vessel in the brain that leaks or ruptures? | hemorrhagic stroke |
| Which condition is characterized by fine muscle tremors, a mask-like facial expression, and a shuffling gait? | Parkinson’s disease |
| Which membrane is the thick, tough outer layer surrounding the brain? | dura mater |
| Which diagnostic tool is the process of recording brain-wave activity? | electroencephalography |
| Which portion of the brain is responsible for the highest level of thought? | cerebrum |
| Which term means an abnormally increased amount of cerebrospinal fluid within the brain? | hydrocephalus |
| Which condition is a collection of blood trapped in the tissues of the brain? | cranial hematoma |
| Which term means inflammation of the spinal cord? | myelitis |
| Which term describes a viral infection of the gray matter of the spinal cord that may result in paralysis? | poliomyelitis |
| Which condition is commonly known as fainting? | syncope |
| What kind of neuron carries impulses toward the brain and spinal cord? | afferent |
| Which condition is a state of impaired consciousness marked by absence of spontaneous eye movement, lack of responsiveness to painful stimuli, and lack of speech? | stupor |
| Which medication produces calm and diminished responsiveness without causing sleep? | sedative |
| Morphine is an example of which type of drug? | narcotic analgesic |
| Which condition is an autoimmune disorder? | multiple sclerosis |
| Which condition is characterized by the inability to develop normal social relationships? | autistic disorders |
| Which disorder is characterized by multiple cognitive defects, including memory impairment? | dementia |
| Which cranial nerves conduct impulses for the sense of smell from the nose to the brain? | olfactory |
| Which term means medication administered to block sensitivity to pain? | anesthetic |
| Which term means an inflammation of the brain? | encephalitis |
| Which term means to suture the ends of a severed nerve? | neurorrhaphy |
| Which term means inflammation of a nerve causing pain through the thigh and leg? | sciatica |
| Which term means an intense burning pain after an injury to a sensory nerve? | causalgia |
| Which term means a sense perception that has no basis in external stimulation? | hallucination |
| Which term describes the sense of whirling, dizziness, and the loss of balance? | vertigo |
| Which term describes a defect in the right or left half of the visual field? | hemianopsia |
| Which condition is also known as farsightedness? | hyperopia |
| Which term means an abnormal discharge from the ear? | otorrhea |
| Which hearing loss is progressive and associated with aging? | presbycusis |
| Which condition is characterized by the outward deviation of one eye relative to the other? | exotropia |
| Which term describes the buildup of pus within the middle ear? | purulent otitis media |
| Which term means the appendages or accessory structures of an organ? | adnexa |
| Which procedure provides temporary protection when the eyelids are paralyzed? | tarsorrhaphy |
| Which condition is also known as double vision? | diplopia |
| Which diagnostic test is used to measure hearing? | audiometry |
| Which term describes reattachment of a detached retina by using a laser? | retinopexy |
| Which test measures intraocular pressure? | tonometry |
| Which term means a surgical incision into the eardrum to create an opening for the placement of tympanostomy tubes? | myringotomy |
| Which abbreviation means right eye? | OD |
| Which term describes the fibrous tissue outer layer of the eye? | sclera |
| Laser _____ is used to treat closed-angle glaucoma. | iridotomy |
| Which term describes a condition of involuntary, constant, rhythmic movement of the eyeball? | nystagmus |
| Which term describes the process whereby the eyes make adjustments for seeing objects at various distances? | accommodation |
| Which disorder has symptoms that include a sense of whirling, dizziness, and the loss of balance? | labyrinthitis |
| Which term describes the region where vision is sharpest on the retina? | fovea centralis |
| Which term describes a condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure resulting in damage to the optic nerve? | glaucoma |
| Which structures of the ear are important in maintaining equal atmospheric pressure within the middle ear? | eustachian tubes |
| Which term describes the angle where the upper and lower eyelids meet? | canthus |
| Which term means inflammation of the tympanic membrane? | myringitis |
| Which substance produces itching when released in response to allergens? | histamine |
| Pediculosis _____ is an infestation with body lice. | corporis |
| Which term describes the tissue layer directly below the epidermis? | corium |
| A _____ is an abnormal passage from an internal organ to the body surface. | fistula |
| Which term means any disorder of the pigmentation of the skin or hair? | dyschromia |
| Which skin condition responds to laser treatment? | rhinophyma |
| An _____ biopsy is performed using cells scraped from the tissue. | exfoliative |
| Which term describes the narrow band of epidermis attached to the surface of the nail just in front of the root? | eponychium |
| Which condition is a flat, persistent, dark-red birthmark made of pigmented cells? | port-wine stain |
| Which term means excessive sweating? | hyperhidrosis |
| Which term describes a large blister that is more than 0.5 centimeter in diameter? | bulla |
| Which term describes the surgical procedure of taking tucks in a structure to shorten it? | plication |
| Which term describes a diffuse infection of connective tissue? | cellulitis |
| Which term describes flaking or a dry patch made up of an excess of dead epidermal cells? | scale |
| Which term is commonly known as itching? | pruritus |
| Which condition is an autoimmune disorder that causes abnormal tissue thickening? | scleroderma |
| Which term means a localized collection of pus within a circumscribed area? | abscess |
| A _____-degree burn involves damage to the epidermis, corium, and subcutaneous layers. | third |
| Which term describes a contagious superficial pyoderma caused by staphylococci and streptococci? | impetigo |
| Which term describes the change in nails that is often an indication of iron deficiency anemia? | spoon nail |
| Which condition involves tissue death that is usually associated with a loss of circulation? | gangrene |
| Which form of skin cancer spreads quickly to other body systems? | squamous cell carcinoma |
| Which procedure is used to treat spider veins? | sclerotherapy |
| Which condition is an autoimmune disorder that is characterized by a red, scaly rash on the face and upper trunk? | lupus erythematosus |
| Which term describes an injury that does not break the skin? | contusion |
| Which term describes the excessive thirst that is symptomatic of diabetes insipidus? | polydipsia |
| The _______________ gland secretes hormones that control the functions of other endocrine glands. | pituitary |
| Which condition results from abnormally high concentrations of calcium in the blood? | hypercalcemia |
| Where is the thyroid-stimulating hormone secreted? | pituitary gland |
| Which condition is a life-threatening condition caused by excessive quantities of the thyroid hormones? | thyrotoxicosis |
| Where does a pheochromocytoma occur? | adrenal medulla |
| Which condition is an autoimmune disorder in which the immune system mistakenly attacks thyroid tissue? | Hashimoto’s thyroiditis |
| Which hormone stimulates the development of male secondary sex characteristics? | testosterone |
| Which type of diabetes mellitus is an insulin resistance disorder? | type 2 |
| Which term describes an abnormal condition caused by an insufficient or absent secretion of the parathyroid hormone that can lead to periodic painful muscle spasms and tremors? | hypoparathyroidism |
| Which gland is located at the base of the brain just below the hypothalamus? | pituitary |
| Which hormone acts to control the balance of food intake and energy expenditure? | estrogen |
| Which gland secretes the hormone melatonin? | pineal |
| Which term describes a life-threatening complication of diabetes mellitus? | diabetic coma |
| Which hormones regulate the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins in the body? | cortisol |
| Which term describes substances such as sodium and potassium normally found in blood? | electrolytes |
| Which condition is characterized by enlargement of the hands and feet due to excessive secretion of the growth hormone after puberty? | acromegaly |
| Which hormone is secreted in response to high blood sugar? | insulin |
| Which hormone maintains the body’s water balance by promoting the reabsorption of water through the kidneys? | antidiuretic |
| Which hormone decreases blood levels of calcium by moving it into storage in the bones and teeth? | calcitonin |
| Which hormone stimulates ovulation in the female? | luteinizing |
| Which condition is a progressive disease that occurs when adrenal glands do not produce enough cortisol? | Addison’s disease |
| Which term means any disorder of the pineal gland? | pinealopathy |
| Which hormone increases pigmentation of the skin? | melanocyte-stimulating |
| Which hormone is released during the second half of the menstrual cycle? | progesterone |
| Which term describes a woman who has borne one child? | primipara |
| Which term describes surgery to affix sagging breasts in a more elevated position? | mastopexy |
| Which term means the surgical removal of both testicles? | castration |
| Which term means narrowing of the opening of the foreskin of the penis? | phimosis |
| Which term means the abnormal condition in which the placenta separates from the uterine wall prematurely? | abruptio placentae |
| Which term describes the beginning of the menstrual function that occurs at the onset of puberty? | menarche |
| Which term means the rupture of an ovary? | ovariorrhexis |
| Which term means an inflammation of the mucous membrane lining the cervix? | endocervicitis |
| Which term means the removal of a cone of tissue from the cervix? | conization |
| Which term describes the muscular middle layer of the uterus? | myometrium |
| Which term describes a profuse white mucus discharge from the uterus and vagina? | leukorrhea |
| Which term describes the thinning and shortening of the cervix that occurs during labor? | effacement |
| Which term means an inflammation of a fallopian tube? | salpingitis |
| Which term means excessive uterine bleeding occurring during the menses? | menorrhagia |
| Which term describes the material that forms the first stools of a newborn? | meconium |
| Which term describes the congenital absence of one or both testicles? | anorchism |
| Which term means an accumulation of pus in a fallopian tube? | pyosalpinx |
| Which term means light or infrequent menstrual flow? | oligomenorrhea |
| Which of these sexually transmitted diseases is caused by a virus? | genital herpes |
| Which condition is also known as a precancerous lesion? | cervical dysplasia |
| Which complication of pregnancy is characterized by convulsions and sometimes coma? | eclampsia |
| Which term means the direct visual examination of the interior of the uterus? | hysteroscopy |
| Which structure or substance nourishes the sperm? | semen |
| Which structure catches the Graafian follicle as it leaves the ovary? | fimbriae |
| Which term means the expansion of an opening? | dilation |
Created by:
DarlingSam
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