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Nutrition #2

carbs & fats

QuestionAnswer
what is the major function of carbohydrates? provide heat & energy
What is the major building block of a CHO? Glucose
How many calories of energy do we get from CHO? 4 cal/g
what are the 3 groups of carbohydrates? monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides
which one is referred to as a simple sugar? list some examples. monosaccharides. glucose, fructose, galactose.
which one is referred to as a double sugar? list some examples. disaccharides. sucrose, maltose, lactose.
which one is referred to as a complex CHO? list some examples. polysaccharides. veggies, starches, grains.
KNow the 2 ways we store glucose? 1.) convert to glycogen and store it in the liver & muscles. 2.) convert to fat & store it in adipose tissue.
which values would indicate a high glycemic index? low glycemic index? 70 or higher. 55 or lower
which type of fiber lowers cholesterol? give an example. soluble fiber, oat bran, peas, beans & fruits
Which one helps with elimination? give an example. insoluble fiber, whole grains, beans.
what is a whole grain? all 3 parts bran, endosperm, & germ
what is the major function of fat? heat & energy.
How many calories of energy do we get from fat? 9 cal/g
what is a saturated fat? know some examples. fat solid at room temp, most from animal sources-whole milk dairy products, egg yolks, lard, meat, poultry skin, seafood, coconut & coconut oil, palm oil, palm kernel oil.
what is a triglyceride? main storage form of fat/lipid
what is the recommended fat intake? 20-35% of total cals of the day
what is cholesterol? how is it used in the body & where is it made? nutrient not fat, makes cell membranes, hormones, Vit D, 75% made in liver 25% from food sources.
What is LDL? cholesterol that deposits fats in ur tissues. Bad
What is HDL? cholesterol that transports fat to the liver for excretion. Good
Lipo Porteins transport lipids.
what is a trans fat? list some sources. fats produced by chemical processing. fat gets heated hydrogen gets added to it. most margarines,veggie shortening, fast foods, deep-fried chips.
what is unsaturated fat? name the 2 kinds and list some sources. soft or oily at room temp. less hydrogen then sat fat. 2 sources monounsaturated & polyunsaturated.M-olives,olive oil, canola oil, peanut oil, cashews, most other nuts. P-corn, soybean,safflower & cottonseed oils, fish.
what things can lower serum cholesterol and triglycerides? less saturated fats more unsaturated fats, exercise, increasing soluble fibers.
Created by: sawdaddy7866
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