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Chapter 6 and 7
Medical terminology skeletal and muscular system exam study guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| bursa | padlike sac between muscles, tendons, and bones that lined with synovial membrane and contains a fluid, synovia |
| lord | bending, curve, sway back |
| Calcaneal | pertaining to heel bone |
| carpals | pertaining to the wrist bones; there are 2 rows of 4 bones in the wrist for a total of 8 wrist bones |
| carp | wrist |
| Tx | Process of drawing or pulling on bones or muscles to relieve displacement and facilitate healing |
| Phosphorus | Mineral that is essential in bone formation, muscle contraction, and many other functions |
| fixat/o | fastened |
| kyph/o | a hump |
| Xiphoid | Literally means resembling a sword. The xiphoid process is the lowest portion of the sternum; a sword shaped cartilaginous process supported by bone. |
| Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) | Chronic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation of the joints, stiffness, pain, and swelling which results in crippling deformities. Connective |
| Reduction | Manipulative or surgical procedure used to correct a fracture or hernia. |
| sprain | A traumatic injury to the tendons, muscles, or ligaments around a joint characterized by pain, swelling, and discoloration. |
| Patell/o | sprain |
| Explain the difference between the male and female pelvis | the male pelvis (android) is shaped like a funnel a narrower outlet than the female. The female pelvis (gynecoid) is shaped like a basin. |
| Pott | occurs at the ankle and affects both bones of the lower leg (fibula and tibia) |
| Coccyg/o | coccyx, tailbone |
| Arthrocentesis | surgical procedure to remove joint fluid; may be sued as a diagnostic tool or as part of a treatment regimen |
| Arthroscope | surgical instrument used to examine the interior of a joint |
| Ankylosis | abnormal condition of stiffening of a joint |
| Arthroplasty | surgical procedure used to repair a joint |
| osteoporosis | abnormal condition characterized by a decrease in the density of bones, decreasing their strength and causing fragile bones which can result in fractures. |
| pedal | pertaining to the foot |
| phalangeal | pertaining to the bones of the fingers and the toes |
| lumbar | pertaining to the loins (lower back) |
| Lordosis | bending curve, swayback condition. |
| Craniotomy | surgical incision made into the skull |
| Meniscus | crescent structure |
| Mandibular | lower jawbone |
| Dactylogram | finger print |
| How many vertebrae does the cervical curve consist of? | seven vertebrae |
| Fx | fracture is a crack or break in the bone. |
| Gynecoid pelvis | Gynecoid pelvis is a type of pelvis characteristic of the normal female and is the ideal pelvic type for childbirth. |
| Eversion | turning outward |
| Supination | lying supine also turing the palm or foot upward |
| How many bones is the skeletal system composed of? | 206 |
| scoliosis | An abnormal lateral curvature of the spine |
| Arthroscopy | process of examining and inspecting the internal structures of a joint using an arthroscope. |
| Arthrography | diagnostic examination of a joint in which air and then a radiopaque contrast medium are injected into the joint space, x-rays are taken, and internal injuries of the meniscus, cartilage, and ligaments can be seen if present. |
| Thermography | process of recording heat patterns of the body's surface; can be used to investigate the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis. |
| Lig | ligament |
| RA | rheumatoid arthritis |
| OA | osteoarthritis |
| Flexion | bending a limb |
| Cartilage | specialized type of fibrous connective tissue found at the ends of bones; forms the major portion of the embryonic skeleton and part of the skeleton in adults. |
| Periosteum | a fibrous vascular membrane that forms the covering of bones except at their articular joint surfaces. |
| vertebrae | the vertebral comum is composed of a series of separate bones vertebrae connected in such a way as to form four spinal curves |
| Inversion | turning inward |
| Diaphysis | shaft of a long bone |
| Foramen | shallow depression in or one a bone |
| what is an open fracture called | compound |
| uric acid | uric acid is increased in gout, arthritis, multiple myeloma, and rheumatism |
| antinuclear antibodies (ANA) | present in a variety of immunological diseases; positive result can indicate rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and other autoimmune diseases. |
| osseous tissue | the solid matter in bone is a calcified, rigid substance |
| condyle | rounded projection that enters into the formation of a joint, articulation |
| ligament | bands of fibrous connective tissue that connect bones, cartilages, and other structures; also serve as places for the attachment of fascia |
| scapular | shoulder blade |
| meta | beyond |
| sym | together |
| tome | instrument to cut |
| T1 | thoracic vertebra, first |
| dis | apart |
| cartialge | gristle |
| achondroplasia | defect in the formation of cartilage at the epiphyses of long bone |
| kyphosis | condition in which the normal thoracic curvature becomes exaggerated, producing a humpback appearance. |
| poiesis | formation |
| JRA | Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis |
| KJ | one thousands joules |
| PEMF | pulsed electromagnetic field therapy |
| SPECT | single-photon emission computerized tomography |
| TMJ | Temporomandibular joint |
| DJD | Degenerative joint disease |
| PWB | Partial Weight Bearing |
| CDH | Congenital diaphragmatic hernia |
| cervical | neck/cervix |
| Amphiarthrosis (cartilaginous) | permits very slight movement. An example of this type of joint is a vertebra. |
| what is an abduction | moving a body part away from the middle |
| Lordosis | an abnormal anterior curvature of the lumbar spine. This condition can be referred to as swayback because the abdomen and buttocks protrude due to an exaggerated lumbar curvature. |
| kyphosis | condition in which the normal thoracic curvature becomes exaggerated, producing a ¨humpback¨ appearance. |
| scoliosis | an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine. The characteristic signs include asymmetry of the trunk, uneven shoulders and hips, a one-sided rib hump and a prominent scapula. |
| what bone is not located in the upper body | femur |
| Name some bones found in the upper body | cranium, maxilla, mandible, clavicle, scapula, sternum, humerus vertebra. |
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