click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
DNA Structure
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What does DNA stand for? | Deoxyribonucleic Acid |
What are the 4 major macromolecules? | Proteins, lipids (fats), carbohydrates, and nucleic acids |
Describe the basic structure of DNA? | DNA is made of two strands that wind around each other to form a double helix which resembles a twisted ladder |
What are the “subunits” of a DNA molecule called? | Nucleotides |
What are the 3 components of a nucleotide? | 5 carbon sugar, phosphate, and a nitrogenous base |
What type of sugar does DNA have? | Deoxyribose |
What are the 4 nitrogenous bases that exist in DNA? | Adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine |
What two nitrogenous bases are considered Purines? | Adenine and Guanine |
What two nitrogenous bases are considered Pyrimidines? | Cytosine and Thymine |
What type of bonds hold together each DNA strand? | Covalent bonds |
What type of bonds hold together each set of nucleotides? | Hydrogen Bonds |
DNA vs. RNA | RNA is Ribonucleic Acid, has only 1 strand instead of 2, has ribose instead of deoxyribose, and there is Uracil (U) instead of Thymine (T). Both have phosphate |
DNA direction | Each strand goes in opposite directions and are ''antiparallel'' |
What pairs with Adenine? | Thymine |
What pairs with Cytosine? | Guanine |
What pairs with Adenine in mRNA? | Uracil |