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earliest known modern human being
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AGR12 Prelim
Principles of Crop Production
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| organic materials unearthed from the soil and primitive tools | archeological evidences |
| earliest known modern human being | Homo sapiens sapiens |
| fossil tree resin produced in the heartwood; defense of a plant from deterioration and protection from insects. | Amber |
| scientific study of ancient plants, using plant fossils found in sedimentary rocks. | Paleontology |
| study of fossils of animals with backbones. | Vertebrate paleontology |
| discover and reconstruct the skeletons of animals to show how they lived and their evolutionary history. | Vertebrate paleontologist |
| cultivation of wild species of plants and basic herding of livestock. | first agriculture |
| grain agriculture development and first dog domestication | Egypt |
| wheat, barley cultivated; sheep, pigs, goats domesticated | Southwestern Asia |
| bean, corns, cassavas, squashes, potatoes, peppers cultivated | America |
| cattle domesticated | Greece |
| origin of rice; domestication of water buffalo | India |
| simple irrigation, increased agri prod, rise of cities | Mesopotamia |
| open-field system of planting | Europe |
| domestication and herding of animals such as goats, sheep, and cattle in regions where plant cultivation proved difficult due to rocky terrain or climates | Pastoralism |
| geological generation of soil, soil and water physics and chemistry, and all other factors relevant to soil fertility | Soil and Water Sciences |
| He introduced experimental science, inluding a theory of the supply of soil with mineral nutrients | Justus von Liebig |
| the development of high-yielding plant varieties; providing food for an exponentially growing world population. | Green Revolution |
| studies applied plant physiology, nutrition, ecology, breeding and genetics, pathology, and weed science, as well as crop management | Plant Sciences |
| comprise applied animal physiology, nutrition, breeding and genetics, ecology and ethology, and livestock and poultry management | Animal Sciences |
| represent renewable agricultural resources because they reproduce | Animals |
| A group of sciences and technologies underlie the processing, storage, distribution, and marketing of agricultural commodities and by-products. | Food Sciences and other Post-Harvest technologies |
| Helps provide inexpensive and various food supplies for consumers, meets the demands of a variety of industrial users, and even creates replacements for fossil fuels. | Modern Post-Harvest Technology |
| Increase the efficiency of various chemical and biological processes and fermentations. | Genetic Engineering |
| Field of Agri that includes appropriate areas of mechanical, electrical, environmental, and civil engineering, construction technology, hydraulics, and soil mechanics. | Agricultural Engineering |
| Field of Agri that includes agricultural finance, policy, marketing, farm and agribusiness management, rural sociology, and agricultural law | Agricultural Economics |
| Field of Agri concerned with the relations between agriculture, economics, and society. | Agricultural Policy |
| Field of Agri that concentrates on legal issues of both theoretical and practical significance to agriculture. | Agricultural Law |
| Period that coincide with the emergence of agriculture wherein there was more moisture in the air, less frozen soil, and better conditions overall for more plant and animal life. | End of Glacial Period |
| Theory that is bolstered by the fact that the dawn of agriculture seems to coincide with humans being able to make the more sophisticated stone objects which define the Neolithic period. | Continued Human Development |
| PH agricultural land share in 2018 | 124,337 sq. km or 41.7% |
| Agri work distribution in PH, 2020 | 22.6% |
| Agri employment in PH, 2020 | 25.9% |
| Agri wage & salary | 11.7%, huge services, low salary |
| Occupations that does not need high level of mastery. | Elementary occupations |
| Flora | Plants |
| Fauna | Animals |
| Self-Mandate: It is my moral obligation to provide available and affordable food for my people! | Manny Piñol |
| Introduced to the country as a priceless source of protein but now became a pest to the rice farmers. | Golden Kuhol |
| Have a P1-B support fund as supposedly a rich source of bio-diesel but ended up as a big flop. | Jathropha |
| Milagrosa | Thailand |
| Bangus | Taiwan |
| Coconut | Thailand |
| Abaca | Ecuador |
| Solution: BACK TO THE BASIC | Manny Piñol |
| DA Program focused areas: - Staple Food Commodities to ensure food security - High Value Crops to generate jobs and foreign earnings | Manny Piñol |
| Self-Mandate: Targets the agriculture to grow at least 2%, from August 2019 to July 2020; and increase up to 2.5-3% in 2021; and 3-4% in 2022 | William Dar |
| Employed a strategy built on the eight paradigms that make up the “New Thinking for Agriculture”. | William Dar |
| Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act of 1997 | RA 8435 |
| An act prescribing urgent related measure to modernize the agriculture and fisheries sectors of the country . | RA 8435 |
| AFMA Principle wherein the State assure the availability adequacy, accessibility and affordability of food supplies to all times; | Food Security |
| AFMA Principle wherein the State shall adopt a rational approach in the allocation of public investment in agriculture and fisheries. | Rational Use of Resources |
| AFMA Principle wherein the State shall enhance the competitiveness of the agriculture and fisheries sectors in both domestic and foreign market; | Global Competitiveness |
| AFMA Principle wherein the State shall promote development that is complete with the preservation of the ecosystem by exerting care and judicious use of the country's natural resources for long-term sustainability; | Sustainable Development |
| AFMA Principle wherein the State shall promote people empowerment by enabling all citizens to participate in policy formulation and decision-making by establishing the appropriate mechanisms and by giving them access to information | People Empowerment |
| AFMA Principle wherein the State shall protect small farmers and fisher folk from unfair competition by promoting a policy environment that provides them priority access to credit and strengthened cooperative-based marketing system | Protection from Unfair Competition |
| Established in 1947 to provide a forum in which nations could come together to negotiate reductions in tariffs and other barriers to trade. | General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) |
| Application and/or scientific knowledge in managing microorganisms or their parts or of cells or their tissues of higher organisms for use of humans | Biotechnology |
| Helped to make both insect pest control and weed management safer and easier while safeguarding crops against disease. | Biotechnology |
| Naturally-occurring toxic substance which can produced fungi and quickly infect crops with pest damage. | Mycotoxin |
| A dietary supplement made from blue-green algae or cyanobacteria, known as Arthrospira platensis that is rich in proteins, vitamins, and minerals. | Sprulina |
| Through the process of photosynthesis, it converts sunlight into nearly all essential nutrients. | Cyanobacteria |
| Spirulina as a potent source of nutrients contains a powerful plant-based protein called? | Phycocyanin |
| Any organism belonging to the Kingdom Plantae, typically lacking active locomotion or obvious nervous system or sensory organs and has photosynthetic ability. | Plant |
| Domesticated/cultivated plants grown for profit. | Crops |
| Concerned with the observation and classification of knowledge concerning economically cultivated crops and the establishment of verifiable principles regarding their growth and development for the purpose of deriving the optimum benefit from them. | Crop Science |
| Deals with the principles and practices of managing filed crops and soils. | Agronomy |
| Deals with gardens and plants within an enclosure. | Horticulture |
| Pomology | Fruits |
| Olericulture | Vegetables |
| Floriculture | Flower |
| Gives energy | Carbohydrates |
| Muscle development | Protein |
| Augment different types of proteins and minerals as supplementaries | Vitamins |
| Shift of early man's diet due to population pressures in environments | proteinaceous meat based diet to a plant based diet |
| Any edible components of the grain of cultivated grass, composed of the endosperm, germ and bran | Cereals |
| Edible seeds of plants in the legume family that grow in pods and come in a variety of shapes, sizes and colors. | Pulses |
| First agriculturists that originally came from Ethiopia and Somalia in North-East Africa. | Cushites |
| They are semi-nomadic, establishing a community on burned land and planting their gardens with stored seeds, and then experimenting with domestication of any suitable local vegetation. | Cushites |
| Russian and Soviet agronomist, botanist and geneticist who identified the centers of origin of cultivated plants. | Nikolai Ivanovich Vavilov |
| He devoted his life to the study and improvement of wheat, maize and other cereal crops that sustain the global population. | Nikolai Ivanovich Vavilov |
| What Vavilov's center of origin: Soya bean, radish, turnip, pear, peach, plum, colocasia, buckwheat, opium poppy, brinjal, apricots, oranges, etc | Chinese centre |
| What Vavilov's centre of origin: rice, red gram, chickpea, cowpea, mung dal, brinjal, cucumber, sugarcane, black pepper, moth bean, rice bean, cotton, turmeric, indigo, millets | Himalayan or Indian centre |
| What Vavilov's centre of origin: Durum wheat, emmer wheat, oat, barley, lentil, pea, grass pea, broad bean, cabbage, asparagus, pepper mint | Medditerranean centre |
| What Vavilov's centre of origin: wheat, sorghum, bajira, safflower, castor, broad bean, okra, coffee | Abyssinian centre |
| What Vavilov's centre of origin: bread wheat, club wheat, sesame, linseed, muskmelon, carrot, onion, garlic, apricot, grape, hemp, cotton | Central Asian centre |
| What Vavilov's centre of origin: wheat, rye, pomegranate, almond, fig, cherry, walnut, alfa, persian clover | Asia minor centre |
| What Vavilov's centre of origin: Maize, rajima, lima bean, melon, pumpkin, sweet potato, arrow root, chilly, cotton, papaya, guava, avocado | Central American centre |
| What Vavilov's centre of origin: Potato, sweet potato, lima bean, tomato, papaya, tobacco, quinine, cassava, rubber, ground nut, cocoa, pineapple | South American centre |
| He proposed modified concept of Vavilov’s Centers, advancing the theory that there are, in fact, three world regions in which the domestication of plants originated, each identifiable with a Center of Origin, and a Non Center. | Jack Harlan |
| Area that is more dispersed, which interacts with the main center. | Non Center |
| This crop began as a human food, later developing as a hay and forage crop and finally as a vegetable oil and protein source. Presently, it now occupies a position of preeminence as the world’s largest source of vegetable oil. | Soybean |
| A semi-aquatic annual grass that grows erect. It had been cultivated for several thousand years as the principal cereal crop of South East Asia. | Rice |
| The most important grain legume for human consumption of the world. | Beam, snap or greem and Lima beans |
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jisoos
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