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Psych - Cognitive
The cognitive approach - key terms
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Cognitive | Working through thoughts to process information |
Perception | Becoming cognitively aware through the processing of sensory information |
Analogy | A comparison |
Memory | The process of encoding and storing information |
Recall | Bringing back a memory |
Schema | A cognitive framework that organises and stores information |
Rationalisation | When something doesn’t make sense, you work on it until it does. This can involve changing memories to fit with your existing schema. |
Confabulation | Filling in gaps of your recall from past experiences so that 2+ memories could merge together to make a new one. |
Shortening | Your memory of an event becomes shorter than the actual event, leaving out information. |
Positive priming | Stimulus that makes a response to a prime faster |
Negative priming | Stimulus that makes responses to a prime slower |
Priming/prime | Stimulus that subconsciously affects how you respond to something |
Semantic | The meaning of something |
Schemata | Plural of schema |
Repetitive priming | Experience of something primes you to respond to that situation quicker. |
Semantic priming | The prime and target belong to similar categories so thinking of one makes you think or another. |
Associative priming | Priming happens when the prime and target are associated but do not have to be in the same category. |