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Science #1

"From Bacteria to Plants" study guide 3/31

QuestionAnswer
algae Plant-like protists.
binary fission a form of asexual reproduction in which one-cell divides to form two identical cells.
binomial nomenclature The naming system for organisms in which each organism is given a two-part name-a genus name and a species name.
budding A form of asexual reproduction in which a new organism grows out of the body of a parent.
cilia the hair-like projections on the outside of cells that move in a wavelike manner.
classification the process of grouping things based on their similarities.
conjugation The process in which a unicellular organism trasfers some of its genetic material to another unicellular organism.
cotyledon A seed leaf that stores food.
Decomposer An organism that breaks down large chemicals from dead organisms into small chemials and returns important materials to the soil and water.
embryo The young organism that develops from a zygote.
endospore A small, rounded, thick-walled, resting cell that forms inside a bacterial cell.
fertilization The joining of a sperm cell and an egg cell.
flagellum A long, whip-like structure that helps a unicellular organism move.
flower The reproductive structure of an angiosperm.
fruit The ripened ovary and other structures that enclose one or more seeds of an angiosperm.
genus A classification grouping that consists of a number of similar, closely related species.
hormone The chemical product of an endocrine gland that speeds up or slows down the activities of an organ or tissue; also, a chemical that affects a plant's growth and development.
host An organism that provides a source of energy or a suitable environment for another organism to live.
hyphae Branching thread-like tubes that make up the bodies of multi-cellular fungi.
ovule A plant structure in seed plants that contains an egg cell.
parasite An organism that lives on or in a host and causes harm to the host.
pistil The female reproductive part found in the petals of a flower in a seed producing plant.
pollen Tiny particles produced by plants that contain the microscopic cells that later become sperm cells.
protozoan An animal-like protist.
pseudopod A "false-foot" or temporary bulge of the cell membrane used for feeding and movement in some protozoan.
seed The plant structure that contains a young plant inside a protective covering.
spore A tiny cell that is able to grow into a new organism.
species A group of similar organisms whose members can mate with one another and produce fertile offspring.
stamen The male reproductive parts of a flower.
taxonomy The scientific study of how living things are classified.
tropism The growth response of a plant toward or away form a stimulus.
vascular tissue The internal transporting tissue in some plants that is made up of tube-like structures.
zygote A fertilized egg, produced by the joining of a sperm cell and egg cell.
Created by: ltsoccer101
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