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A&P 11

Chapter 11

QuestionAnswer
1. Which of the following is most descriptive of a descending tract? a. afferent b. sensory c. spinothalamic d. motor d. motor
2. Which of the following is most likely to experience ototoxicity? a. a person who strained his back b. a person with a tumor involving the cranial nerve c. a person who took an antibiotic drug that injured CN VIII d. a person with Bell’s palsy c. a person who took an antibiotic drug that injured CN VIII
3. The pyramidal tract is a. the major motor tract that originates in the precentral gyrus. b. an ascending tract. c. a sensory tract. d. also called the spinothalamic tract. a. the major motor tract that originates in the precentral gyrus.
4. A nurse administers an intramuscular injection in the upper outer quadrant of the buttocks to a. prevent ototoxicity. b. minimize systemic effects of the drug. c. avoid penetration of the subarachnoid space. d. avoid injury to the sciatic nerve. d. avoid injury to the sciatic nerve.
5. Which of the following is a function of the spinal cord? a. secretes hormones that regulate blood glucose b. is the seat of our emotions c. acts as an important reflex center d. carries sensory information but not motor information c. acts as an important reflex center
6. Which of the following is least related to the others? a. pyramidal tract b. extrapyramidal tract c. spinothalamic tract d. corticospinal tract c. spinothalamic tract
7. What is the purpose of myelination? a. increases the speed of the nerve impulse b. secretes cerebrospinal fluid c. increases the phagocytic activity of the glia d. separates neurons from the surrounding glia a. increases the speed of the nerve impulse.
8. Which of the following is least descriptive of the vagus nerve? a. CN X b. distributed throughout the chest and abdomen c. inflamed vagus nerve causes Bell’s palsy d. affects the function of the digestive tract c. inflamed vagus nerve causes Bell’s palsy (This is incorrect, Bell's palsy is typically caused by inflammation of the facial nerve (CN VII), not the vagus nerve (CN X)) - Gpt :)
9. Which of the following is a true statement? a. The olfactory nerve is a motor nerve. b. The CN II is a sensory nerve. c. The phrenic, sciatic, and axillary nerves are cranial nerves. d. The vagus nerve is confined to the cranium. b. The CN II is a sensory nerve.
10. Which of the following is most descriptive of the cauda equina? a. spinal nerves that emerge from the tail end of the spinal cord b. cells that secrete cerebrospinal fluid c. glial cells that form the blood-brain barrier d. meninges a. spinal nerves that emerge from the tail end of the spinal cord
11. A needle is inserted between the third and fourth lumbar vertebrae into the subarachnoid space to a. relieve intracranial pressure. b. obtain a sample of cerebrospinal fluid. c. administer blood. d. assess the withdrawal reflex. b. obtain a sample of cerebrospinal fluid.
12. These nerves supply voluntary skeletal muscles, causing movement. a. somatic motor nerves b. CNs I, II, VIII c. optic nerve d. vestibulocochlear nerve a. somatic motor nerves
13. A mixed nerve is one that a. only transmits information for pain. b. only transmits information that originates in the precentral gyrus. c. contains both sensory and motor fibers. d. only affects organs that are in the abdominal cavity. c. contains both sensory and motor fibers.
14. Which involuntary response to a stimulus is accomplished by these four structures: receptor, sensory neuron, motor neuron, effector organ? a. action potential b. decussation c. reflex arc d. saltatory conduction c. reflex arc
15. What is the effector organ in the knee-jerk or patellar tendon reflex? a. quadriceps tendon b. quadriceps femoris muscle c. spinal cord d. gastrocnemius b. quadriceps femoris muscle
16. Which of the following is least descriptive of the oculomotor nerve? a. CN III b. controls the movement of the eyeball c. increased intracranial pressure d. carries sensory information from the eye to the occipital lobe (vision) d. carries sensory information from the eye to the occipital lobe (vision)
17. Which of the following is a consequence of damage to the glossopharyngeal nerve? a. inability to shrug the shoulders b. blindness c. loss of the gag reflex and aspiration of food or water into the lungs d. loss of balance c. loss of the gag reflex and aspiration of food or water into the lungs
18. The phrenic nerve a. is a cranial nerve. b. exits the spinal cord at the level of T12. c. innervates the major breathing muscle. d. is classified exclusively as ascending and sensory. c. innervates the major breathing muscle.
19. The first three cranial nerves a. are all sensory. b. innervate the eye. c. are all motor. d. are the olfactory, optic, and oculomotor nerves. b. innervate the eye.
20. Which of the following is true of the spinothalamic tract? a. It is a descending tract. b. pyramidal tract. c. somatic motor neurons. d. It is an ascending tract that carries information about temperature, pain, touch, and pressure. d. It is an ascending tract that carries information about temperature, pain, touch, and pressure.
21. Which of the following is least descriptive of the cauda equina? a. spinal nerves b. brachial plexus c. distal spinal cord d. innervates lower torso and lower extremities b. brachial plexus (brachial plexus refers to nerves arising from the cervical and thoracic spinal cord, while cauda equina refers to spinal nerves arising from the lumbar and sacral regions)
22. Myel/o refers to the a. glial cells that secrete cerebrospinal fluid. b. spinal cord. c. vertebrae. d. herniation of the brain stem. b. spinal cord.
23. The pyramidal tracts decussate at the medulla oblongata. Which of the following best describe decussation? a. depolarization/repolarization b. plexuses (cervical, brachial, lumbosacral) c. curvatures d. crossover d. crossover
24. A person suffers a stroke to left cerebral hemisphere & right-sided hemiparalysis. Which of these describes the reason for the paralysis of the right side of the body? a. cerebral lateralization b. anosmia c. saltatory conduction d. decussation d. decussation
25. Who likes to have the sole of his foot stroked? a. Broca b. Cy Attica c. Achilles d. Babinski d. Babinski
1. Which of the following does not describe the oculomotor nerve? a. It is also CN III. b. It innervates the skeletal muscles that move the eyeball. c. It is the carrier of information to the primary visual cortex in the occipital lobe. c. It is the carrier of information to the primary visual cortex in the occipital lobe.
2. Characteristics of the trigeminal nerve include which of the following? a. Is CN V b. Has both sensory and motor fibers c. Affects chewing d. All of the above d. All of the above
3. The sciatic nerve a. is a motor nerve that innervates thigh muscles. b. is a cranial nerve. c. enters the cervical plexus for distribution to the periphery. d. travels within the spinothalamic tract. a. is a motor nerve that innervates thigh muscles.
4. Which of the following is descriptive of the spinothalamic tract? a. It carries sensory information regarding touch, pressure, and pain. b. It is the major motor tract. c. It is also called the pyramidal tract. a. It carries sensory information regarding touch, pressure, and pain.
5. Which of the following is least descriptive of the corticospinal tract? a. Descending tract b. Major motor tract c. Pyramidal tract d. Carries information from the spinal cord to the thalamus d. Carries information from the spinal cord to the thalamus.
6. What is the final step in the reflex arc? a. Response of the effector organ(s) b. Activation of the sensory receptor c. Communication of the sensory neuron with an interneuron within the spinal cord a. Response of the effector organ(s)
7. Which of the following is not true of the gag reflex? a. It is impaired in a paraplegic person. b. It is associated with CN IX. c. It is associated with the glossopharyngeal nerve. a. It is impaired in a paraplegic person.
8. Damage to the phrenic nerve a. interferes with the pupillary response to light. b. impairs breathing. c. eliminates the gag reflex. d. causes dysphagia. b. impairs breathing.
9. CN IX, CN X, and the baroreceptor reflex are concerned with the regulation of a. the amount of light that enters the eye. b. facial expression. d. blood pressure. d. blood pressure.
10. The olfactory nerve a. is CN III. b. is concerned with the sense of smell. c. travels through the cervical plexus from the nose to the brain. d. has two branches: cochlear and vestibular. b. is concerned with the sense of smell.
11. A person suffers a stroke to the left cerebral hemisphere and develops a right-sided hemiparalysis. Which of the following words describes the paralysis of the right side of the body? a. Cerebral lateralization b. Decussation b. Decussation
12. Stimulation of the ophthalmic branch of which cranial nerve detects painful irritation of the cornea? a. Optic b. Oculomotor c. Trigeminal d. Trochlear c. Trigeminal
13. Damage to which nerve causes the tongue to deviate toward the injured side and impairs swallowing and speaking? a. Vagus (CN X) b. Hypoglossal (CN XII) c. Accessory (CN XI) d. Facial (CN VII) b. Hypoglossal (CN XII)
14. Which of the following is least descriptive of the cauda equina? a. Lumbar and sacral nerves b. Spinal nerves c. Brachial plexus d. Innervation of the lower extremities c. Brachial plexus
15. Which of the following is most descriptive of a dermatome? a. Motor and muscle b. Sensory and skin c. Autonomic and visceral d. Cranial and spinal" b. Sensory and skin
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