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Ch 23 Milky Way Pt 1

Vocabulary

TermDefinition
Galaxy gravitationally bound collection of an extremely large number of stars
Milky Way spiral galaxy in which the Sun resides; the galaxy's disk is visible as a faint band of light
Interstellar Matter gas and dust between stars intermixed throughout all of space
Andromeda Galaxy nearest major galaxy to the Milky Way
Spiral Galaxy composed of a flattened, star-forming disk, which may have spiral arms & a galactic bulge
William Herschel suggested that the Milky Way was a disk-shaped galaxy with the Sun at its center (incorrect)
Variable Star star whose luminosity changes over time
Pulsating Variable Star star whose luminosity varies in a predictable, periodic way
Nova star that suddenly increases in brightness then slowly fades back to its original luminosity
Supernova explosive death of a star (usually high-mass)
Cataclysmic Variable collective name for a novae or supernovae
Intrinsic Variable star that varies in appearance due to internal processes rather than external
RR Lyrae Variable variable star whose luminosity typically changes in a period of less than a single day
Cepheid Variable variable star whose luminosity changes over a period that is longer than a single day
Luminosity Curve expresses the product of relative spectral energy distribution by its visibility
Instability Strip region of the H-R diagram where pulsating post-main-sequence stars are found
Period-Luminosity Relation allows the distance of a Cepheid variable star to be determined
Pulsation Period time for a variable star's change in luminosity to complete one full cycle
Cosmic Distance Ladder collection of techniques used to indirectly measure distances in the universe
Globular Cluster tightly bound, spherical collection of hundreds of thousands, or millions, of stars
Harvard Computers team of skilled women who processed astronomical data in the early 20th century
Leavitt Harvard computer who discovered the period-luminosity relationship for measuring distances
Cannon Harvard computer who devised the stellar spectra classification system we still use today (OBAFGKM)
Shapley accurately estimated the size of the Milky Way galaxy and the Sun's position within it
Shapley-Curtis Debate (The Great Debate) Shapley argued the MW was the only galaxy, unlike Curtis
Created by: john_bailey720
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