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Exam 4 - Ch. 10-13
HIT Law and Ethics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What should Jeannie document in the medical record? | Specimen discarded per facility policy |
| Besides violating hospital policy on specimen labeling, the direction that Jeannie received from her manager is also a violation of the minimum quality standards set by… | CLIA |
| What interpersonal skill is critical for Jeannie in this situation? | Thorough knowledge of the laws |
| Health care workers may have biases that they are unaware of in regards to ….. | All of these Gender or race Economic or physical status Age |
| What causes most laboratory errors? | Technician error |
| What can happen if a laboratory result is incorrect due to technician error? | All of these Unnecessary procedures for the patient Unnecessary medications for the patient Legal action |
| Because she is working in a laboratory that contains hazardous material, Marilyn’s workplace training should include all of the following except…. | A role in the emergency preparedness plan |
| Which of the following is true of the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Act (CLIA)? | It is also known as the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments. |
| Safety Data Sheets (SDS) are | required in any business that has any hazardous material. |
| Which of the following information should not be included on an employee's W-2 form? | Amounts deducted for life insurance. |
| Which of the following is not a requirement of the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Act (CLIA)? | Follow maximum quality standards for lab testing. |
| Quid pro quo is prohibited under the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) definition of sexual harassment. Which of the following is an example of this type of harassment? | A surgical resident is offered opportunities to scrub in on a procedure if he dates the surgeon. |
| An OSHA inspector finds that a hospital lab is operating under unsafe conditions that could endanger the lives of employees. What is the initial action that would be taken by the inspector? | Ask the employer to remedy the situation. |
| Which of the following may be used as evidence of just cause for termination, should a wrongful discharge lawsuit be filed against an employer? | The employee is sexually harassing another employee. |
| Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 covers which of the following? | Makes discrimination in the workplace illegal |
| OSHA has six priorities. Which of the following lists those priorities in order? | Imminent danger situations, severe injuries and illnesses, employee complaints, referral of hazards from other agencies, targeted inspections, and follow-up inspections. |
| Which of the following federal laws makes it illegal to discriminate in hiring or firing because of union membership or organizational activities? | Wagner Act of 1935 |
| A practice manager is interviewing medical assistants for several new positions in an expanding medical practice. Which of the following is not a recommended guideline for conducting the interviews? | Always ask about child care arrangements. |
| A bonded employee in a medical office embezzles money from the employers. In most situations, from whom will the money ultimately be recovered? | The employee |
| Which of the following acts mandated that employers maintain a sharps injury log and involved nonmanagerial employees in selecting safer medical devices? | Occupational Exposure to Bloodborne Pathogens Standard |
| Federal and state workers' compensation laws establish procedures for compensating workers who are injured on the job. Which of the following accurately describes an aspect of these laws? | The injured employee can file a claim with the government instead of suing. |
| A nursing home administrator sets up programs to give preferential treatment for minorities. This is being done because the current workforce at the nursing home is predominantly white. What is the term for this policy? | Affirmative action |
| Sarah is starting a new job as a medical assistant at a local clinic. Under OSHA regulations, what must her employer offer her as part of her employment? | No-cost hepatitis B vaccinations |
| Which of the following specifically states that any equipment that may pose a health risk is included as a hazard? | General Duty Clause |
| Which of the following occurs when an OSHA compliance officer informs an employer the business is subject to "failure to abate" alleged violations? | The business is subject to daily penalties. |
| Which of the following wage and hour laws provides for overtime pay and a minimum wage? | Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 |
| Employees in medical facilities often use hazardous materials in their workplace. Which of the following is a guideline for safely handling these materials? | The employer must provide a Safety Data Sheet for each hazardous chemical. |
| The Bloodborne Pathogen Standard is designed to protect health care workers against which of the following? | Contagious diseases like HBV |
| A practice manager is interviewing a medical assistant for a new position in the office. Which of the following information can an employer legally ask of a prospective employee? | Education |
| In 2012, OSHA published the first major revision to the Hazard Communication Standard. What was the main purpose of the revision? | Transform the right of employees to know about workplace hazards to the "right to understand" workplace hazards |
| Which of the following is not an area of questioning appropriate for the employer to ask a job applicant? | Birth date |
| The OSHA Ionizing Radiation Standard applies to all medical and dental offices that have | x-ray machines. |
| The primary source of information for OSHA standards is | OSHA Web site. |
| What is the number of chromosomes that carry the genes for all of our human characteristics? | 46 |
| Uses of genetic testing, which can predict diseases such as sickle cell anemia, include all of the following EXCEPT: | hematology testing |
| If a person is denied life insurance due to a family history of Huntington's disease, this is called: | genetic discrimination |
| Manipulating DNA is a form of: | genetic engineering |
| Options for infertile couples include | all of these surrogacy artificial insemination IVF |
| The science that accounts for natural differences and resemblances among organisms related by descent is called: | genetics |
| The concept of parens patriae is defined as: | State may act as parental authority |
| Heredity is: | the process by which organisms pass genetic traits on to their offspring |
| What concept allows the physician in this incident to treat a 16-year-old minor without parental consent? | Mature minors |
| Assume that you know the parents of the patient in this case study, and they call you asking why their daughter was treated at the clinic where you work. What will govern your response? | Patient confidentiality |
| How will the patient's treatment likely be recorded on her medical record? | Medical emergency for sepsis and treatment of hand wound |
| A teenager who is pregnant receives an abortion without parental notice due to "judicial bypass." What does this term signify? | The teenager has obtained approval from a judge for the abortion without parental notification. |
| A physician is using somatic gene therapy for a patient with a severe genetic disorder. What is involved in this process? | Inserting normal copies of the gene |
| Which of the following do chromosomes normally carry that are responsible for all human characteristics from eye, skin, and hair color to height, body type, and intelligence? | Genes |
| How are the chromosomes that make up the human genome inherited from parents? | Half from the mother and half from the father. |
| A fertility specialist brings an infertile couple's eggs and sperm together in a test tube and when fertilization occurs, he transplants the resulting embryo back into the female uterus. What is the term for this type of fertilization? | In vitro fertilization |
| The Human Genome Project, funded by the U.S. government, was started in 1990. What was the purpose of this project? | To locate and map the genes in the 23 pairs of chromosomes. |
| Infertility is considered to be the failure to conceive in how many months or longer? | 12 |
| A permanent change in DNA is the usual cause of genetic diseases. What is the term for this harmful effect? | Mutation |
| Which of the following statements regarding stem cell use is true? | Embryonic stem cells have a greater potential to treat a wider variety of diseases. |
| The combination of proteins called nucleotides that are arranged to make up each human is known as which of the following? | DNA |
| The court case EEOC v. Founders Pavillion, Inc. illustrated enforcement of which law(s)? | GINA and ADA |
| A new mother leaves her infant daughter in a safe place at a nurse's station in a hospital. This mother is protected from legal prosecution or with reduced legal prosecution by what legislation? | Safe haven law |
| A 17-year-old female lives with her parents and meets the requirements to give informed consent to have a small basal cell carcinoma removed. Which of the following would this teenager be considered? | Mature minor |
| Transplanting animal tissues and organs into humans is called | xenotransplantation. |
| An obstetrician is caring for a young woman who wants to undergo genetic testing prior to becoming pregnant. What would be the best response to this patient? | Refer the woman to a qualified genetic counselor. |
| The medical examiner is attempting to eliminate a suspect in a crime. What type of DNA testing might the medical examiner do? | Forensic |
| Which of the following is a right guaranteed to emancipated minors? | Right to privacy |
| What characteristics would a caretaker in the hospice need to possess? | All of these. Compassion Caring for the patient and their family Understanding of the death process |
| Why is it important for family members to be near a loved one at the end of their life? | It gives them the courage to participate in the process, and comforts them after the death occurred. |
| What federal statute made it obligatory for health care providers to provide information to patients about their right to create advance directives and to have them on file with their medical records? | Patient Self-Determination Act |
| Ellen, the patient in this case study, is apparently experiencing grief over her imminent death. According to Elisabeth Kübler-Ross, what stage of grief is she most likely exhibiting? | Denial |
| As one of the nurses caring for Ellen, what can you do that will be most helpful to her? | Listen well and show you are listening. |
| The Patient Self-Determination Act provides for: | All of these are correct. no discrimination on the part of the provider if the patient does not have advance directives. documentation in the patient's record of any advance directives. providers must educate staff about advance directives. |
| ARNPs and ______ may earn certificates in palliative care. | social workers |
| Which of the following occurs in Stage 5 of Elisabeth Kübler-Ross's grieving process? | Acceptance |
| Which of the following statements best describes the term "grief"? | Grief is the human reaction to loss. |
| For which of the following reasons did pagan tribes begin the custom of covering the face of the deceased with a sheet? | They believed that the spirit of the deceased escaped through the mouth. |
| What does the American Association of Colleges of Nursing now require in undergraduate nursing programs? | Complete 17 competencies in palliative care. |
| Which of these ARE true about living wills? | All of these are correct. Each state may have different regulations regarding living wills. A living will may detail specific treatments that may be stopped. A living will may identify which heroic measures may be used. |
| In 1967, what entity devised the original living will? | Euthanasia Society |
| A patient asks his physician "Can you help me die in peace?" The physician agrees to withhold medical treatment for this patient. This is an example of what type of euthanasia? | Passive |
| Which state law was the first state law passed to permit physician-assisted suicide in certain circumstances? | Oregon's Death with Dignity Act |
| Which of the following correctly describes an aspect of hospice care? | Most in-home hospice programs are independently run. |
| A medical order, written by a physician, that instructs health care providers about emergency care for a patient when the patient has stopped breathing is known as a(an) | Do not resuscitate (DNR). |
| A persistent vegetative state (PVS) exists as a result of severe mental impairment, characterized by irreversible cessation of the higher functions of the brain, most often caused by damage to which of the following organs? | Cerebral cortex |
| According to the information on cancer.gov (January 2019) approximately how many people in the United States may be cancer survivors? | 16.9 million |
| According to the Uniform Determination of Death Act, which of the following is a criteria for death? | Entire brain ceases to function |
| Which of the following is not an organ that can be transplanted? | Brain |
| A patient has been diagnosed with incurable lung cancer and it is determined that death is imminent. What type of care would best serve this patient? | Palliative |
| Which of the following is an example of a person who is experiencing the third stage of grief according to Elisabeth Kübler-Ross, MD? | A person who is dying asks God to keep her alive to see the birth of her grandchild. |
| What was the purpose of the creation of the Uniform Anatomical Gift Act? | To allow individuals to donate their bodies to science after death. |
| Who are categorized as stakeholders? | All of these Employers Private insurers The public |
| The following is true of health care expenditures in the U.S.: | Fifty percent of the total U.S. population accounted for 97 percent of health care spending |
| In this video, the patient is shocked by the cost of a possible new treatment. What contributes to the cost of new treatments? | New treatments often involve years of research. |
| What are the key issues of concern to stakeholders within the American health care system? | Cost, access, and quality |
| What is the lead federal agency responsible for tracking and improving the quality, safety, efficiency, and effectiveness of health care for Americans? | AHRQ |
| Fueling the rising costs of health care are: | All of these New diagnostic and therapeutic tools Advanced surgical equipment and techniques New medications |
| What must a nonprofit health insurance organization do if at the end of the budget year, they have made a profit? | Put the profit back into services for those covered under their insurance. |
| Medicare, Medicaid, the Federal Employees Health Benefits Program, the Military Health System, the VHA, the Indian Health Service, and CHIP help to pay the costs of health care. What health care stakeholder is involved in this concept? | Governments |
| For fair access to health care to exist, there must be which of the following? | Adequate services for all, ability of population to utilize the system, and ability of individuals to receive ongoing care must all be in place |
| According to the World Health Organization, infant mortality rates in the United States | All of these are ranked near the bottom when compared to other western countries. are 5.87 for every 1,000 births. compare poorly to countries like Sweden (2 deaths per 1,000) and Canada (4.5 deaths per 1,000). |
| How many priorities does the National Quality Strategy have? | Six |
| Under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010, insurance companies must do all of the following except | cover children up to age 30 on their parents' health insurance policy. |
| Which of the following best defines the term birth rates within a population? | The total number of live births per 1000 women in a specific age group. |
| For the calendar year 2017, health insurance covers what percentage of health care costs in the United States? | 75% |
| Which of the following may be traded on the nation's stock market? | Pharmaceutical companies |
| According to the 2017 AHRQ report on quality and disparities, patient safety improved to include | two-thirds of patient safety measures were improving overall. |
| Infant mortality is one major measure of a country's health system. The United States infant mortality rate is | ranked near the bottom of comparable countries. |
| Medicaid is financed by | taxes paid at both the federal and state level. |
| For the calendar year 2017, Medicaid covers what percentage of health care costs in the United States? | 16% |
| The AHRQ Report for 2017 indicated that | the United States spend more on health care and its citizens were less healthy than those in other nations. |
| Expenditures for medical care delivered in nontraditional settings such as senior centers, schools and military field stations, and expenditures for the Home and Community Waiver under Medicaid represent what percentage of the costs of health care? | 5% |
| According to organizations such as the Bipartisan Policy Center, CMS, and the Alliance for Health Reform, which of the following contributes to the rising cost of health care? | All of these. Aging population Personal choices Lifestyle factors |
| The total cost of health care in the United States is often expressed as a percentage of the country's gross domestic product (GDP). The GDP represents what percentage of the country's income for all goods and services? | 100% |
| Which of the following organizations reimburse health care providers with a focus on making a profit? | Insurance companies |
| The National Quality Strategy set forth by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services has three broad aims for the improvement of health care. They are | better care, healthy people and communities, and affordable care. |
| Which of the following stakeholders are considered to be at the head of the list? | The public |
| What is the term for those individuals who have a vested interest in the health care industry? | Stakeholders |
| Professional health care organizations are stakeholders in the health care system. They provide | All of these. ethical standards for each profession. professional news and information. education opportunities. |
| Life expectancy at birth for Americans in 2017 was approximately | 78 years. |
| The term that describes the amount of money that health care stakeholders spend on health care in the United States is | cost. |
| For the calendar year 2017, hospital care represented what percentage of the cost of health care? | 33% |
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shulukong
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