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DRUG ICARDS
Ceftriaxone
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Ceftriaxone mechanism of action | Ceftriaxone is a cephalosporin antibiotic with broad activity against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. It inhibits production of the bacterial cell wall, causing bacteria to die. |
Ceftriaxone indications (2) | -Suspected meningococcal septicaemia -Sepsis, where cefazolin is not indicated, and: the patient is aged great er or equal to 12 years old and one clinical feature indicating antibiotics are present, and time to hospital is greater than 30 minutes |
Ceftriaxone contraindications | -Known severe allergy to cephalosporins |
Ceftriaxone cautions | -None |
Preganancy | Should be administered if indicated. |
Dosage | -2g IV for an adult -2g im for an adult if IV access cannot be obtained (meningoccocal septicaemia only) -See pediatric drug dose table |
Administration | IV- dissolve 4ml then dilute to total of 10 ml. disregard extra for child. administer IV of 1-2 minutes preferably into a running line. IM- dilute with 4ml, draw up into 2 syringes, disregard extra for child |
Common adverse effects- Onset- Duration - | -None -30-60mins -24 hrs |
Preparation | ampoule containing 2g. |
Pharmacokinetics | -50% excreted in urine and 50% in bile. -Neither renal impairment nor hepatic impairment alter the initial loading dose |
Additional information | As meningococcal bacteria die, they release endotoxins. The body's immune response to endotoxins can cause profound worsening of shock following antibiotic administration. |