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AP Psych Vocab

Unit 1 vocab- Mrs Queener's class

TermDefinition
empiricism view that knowledge originates in experience and that science should, therefore, rely on observation and experimentation
structuralism early school of thought promoted by Wundt and Tichner; used introspection to reveal the structure of the human mind
functionalism early school of thought promoted by James and influenced by Darwin; explored how mental and behavioral processes function - how they enable organism to adapt, survive, and flourish
experimental psychology study of behavior and thinking using the experimental method
behaviorism view that psychology (1) should be an objective science that (2) studies behavior without reference to mental processes. Most research psychologists today agree with (1) but not with (2)
humanistic psychology historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people
cognitive neuroscience interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with cognition (including perception, thinking, memory, and language)
psychology science of behavior and mental processes.
nature-nurture issue longstanding controversy over the relative contributions that genes and experience make to the development of psychological traits and behaviors; today's science sees traits and behaviors arising from the interaction of nature and nurture
natural selection principle that, among the range of inherited trait variations, those contributing to reproduction and survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations
levels of analysis differing complementary views, from biological to psychological to social-cultural, for analyzing any given phenomenon
biopsychosocial approach an integrated approach that incorporates biological, psychological, and social-cultural levels of analysis
biological psychology scientific study of the links between biological (genetic, neural, hormonal) and psychological processes
evolutionary psychology study of the evolution of behavior and mind, using the principles of natural selection.
psychodynamic psychology branch of psychology that studies how unconscious drives and conflicts influence behavior, and uses that information to treat people with psychological disorders
behavioral psychology scientific study of observable behavior, and its explanation by principles of learning
cognitive psychology scientific study of all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating
social-cultural psychology study of how situations and cultures affect our behavior and thinking
psychometrics scientific study of the measurement of human abilities, attitudes, and traits
basic research pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base
developmental psychology branch of psychology that studies physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the life span
educational psychology study of how psychological processes affect and can enhance teaching and learning
personality psychology study of an individual's characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting
social psychology scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another
applied research scientific study that aims to solve practical problems
industrial-organizational (I/O) psychology application of psychological concepts and methods to optimizing human behavior in workplaces
human factors psychology an I/O psychology subfield that explores how people and machines interact and how machines and physical environments can be made safe and easy to use
counseling psychology branch of psychology that assists people with problems in living (often related to school, work, or marriage) and in achieving greater well-being
clinical psychology branch of psychology that studies, assesses, and treats people with psychological disorders
psychiatry branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders; practiced by physicians who often provide medical (for example, drug) treatments as well as psychological therapy
SQ3R study method incorporating five steps Survey, Question, Read, Rehearse, Review.
positive psychology scientific study of human functioning, with the goals of discovering and promoting strengths and virtues that help individuals and communities to thrive
community psychology branch of psychology that studies how people interact with their social environments and how social institutions affect individuals and groups
testing effect enhanced memory after retrieving, rather than simply reading, information; also sometimes referred to as a retrieval practice effect or test-enhanced learning.
Created by: Phenixfire
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