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Chapter 15 vocab
Hartman’s Nursing Assistant Care: Long-Term Care and Home Care, 4th Edition
Term | Definition |
---|---|
nutrition | how the body uses food to maintain health. |
nutrient | a necessary substance that provides energy, promotes growth and health, and helps regulate metabolism. |
complex carbohydrates | carbohydrates that are broken down by the body into simple sugars for energy; found in foods such as bread, cereal, potatoes, rice, pasta, vegetables, and fruits. |
simple carbohydrates | carbohydrates that are found in foods such as sugars, sweets, syrups, and jellies and have little nutritional value. |
parenteral nutrition (PN) | the intravenous infusion of nutrients administered directly into the bloodstream, bypassing the digestive system. |
nasogastric tube | a feeding tube that is inserted into the nose and goes to the stomach. |
percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube | a feeding tube that is placed into the stomach through the abdominal wall. |
gastrostomy | a surgically-created opening into the stomach in order to insert a tube. |
diet cards | cards that list the resident’s name and information about special diets, allergies, likes and dislikes, and other dietary instructions. |
therapeutic diets | diets prescribed for people who have certain illnesses, conditions, or food allergies; also called special or modified diets. |
modified diets | diets prescribed for people who have certain illnesses, conditions, or food allergies; also called therapeutic or special diets. |
special diets | diets prescribed for people who have certain illnesses, conditions, or food allergies; also called therapeutic or modified diets. |
diuretics | medications that reduce fluid volume in the body. |
puree | to blend or grind food into a thick paste of baby food consistency. |
dysphagia | difficulty swallowing. |
aspiration | the inhalation of food, drink, or foreign material into the lungs. |
intake | the fluid a person consumes; also called input. |
input | the fluid a person consumes; also called intake. |
output | fluid that is eliminated from the body through urine, feces, vomitus, perspiration, moisture that is exhaled in the air, and wound drainage. |
fluid balance | taking in and eliminating equal amounts of fluid. |
NPO | abbreviation for nothing by mouth from the Latin nil per os; medical order that means a person should not have anything to eat or drink. |
dehydration | a serious condition resulting from an inadequate amount of fluid in the body. |
fluid overload | a condition that occurs when the body cannot handle the amount of fluid consumed. |
edema | swelling caused by excess fluid in body tissues. |